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152 FRINGILLIDH, FINCHES, ETC. —GEN. 85. 
Var. ALLENI Cours, Am. Nat. 1871, 366. Similar; smaller; less white on the 
wings and tail; claws longer; iris white. Florida. P. leuwcopis Maynarp, Birds of 
Florida (in press). 
{+t Scapulars and wing coverts with white spots; sexes more alike. 
Spotted Towhee.’ A. Mexican species. .° 2°". -. ., % .  MACULAROR. 
Represented in the United States by the following varieties :— 
Var. orEGoNus. Oregon Towhee. Very similar to erythrophthalmus; wing 
coverts with small rounded, and scapulars with larger oval, white spots on the outer 
web of the feathers near the end; white marks on the quills very small or wanting ; 
white spots on tail feathers very small, the outer web of the outer rectrix not white 
except just at the end. Excepting these particulars, this variety Jooks more like 
erythrophthalmus, than like the typical maculatus, in which the body colors are 
olivaceous ; nevertheless, it shades into the latter. On the other hand, erythroph- 
thalmus, which might seem to be merely the extreme link in the chain, may be fairly 
considered a different bird; its sexes are very unlike, whereas in the western black 
Pipilos the @ is blackish-brown, more like the ¢ ; its note is entirely different, 
the words ‘‘towhee” and ‘‘chewink” being an attempt to imitate the sound, 
while the cry of the western varieties of maculatus is exactly like the scolding mew 
of a catbird.—Pacifie coast. Pipilo oregonus Brit, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. v, 
1852, 6; Bp., 513; Coop., 241. P. arcticus Aup., iii, 164, pl. 194. 
Var. arcticus. Arctic Towhee. Similar to the foregoing; the white spots of 
the wing coverts larger, those of the scapulars still larger and lengthening into 
‘streaks, the interscapulars also spotted with white; the white on the quills and tail 
feathers at a maximum, as in erythrophthalmus; there are usually, also, concealed 
white specks in the black of the throat. 9 comparatively dark. Central region 
of N. A. P. arecticus Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am. 1831, 11, 260.  Norr., i, 589; 
2d ed. i, 610; Bo., 514. 
Var. MEGALONYx Bp., 515, pl. 73; Coor., 242, is the prevailing form in the 
Southern Rocky Mountain region, New Mexico, Arizona, and California. It is 
precisely like arcticus, but the feet are larger, with highly developed claws; the 
hind claw is decidedly longer than its digit, while the lateral claws reach to or 
beyond the middle of the middle claw. In this form at any rate, the Q is hardly 
distinguishable in color from the ¢, being blackish with an appreciable olivaceous 
shade, thus exhibiting an approach to the typical Mexican stock. (See Cours, 
Proc. Phila. Acad. 1866, 89; AttEen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., iii.) 
* * Colors not definitely black, white and chestnut; no greenish; sexes alike. 
Brown Towhee. Canon Towhee. Above, uniform grayish-brown with a 
slight olivaceous shade, the crown brown in appreciable contrast ; wings and 
tail like the back, unmarked; below, a paler shade of the color of the back, 
whitening on the belly, tinged with fulvous and streaked with dusky on the 
throat and breast, washed with rusty brown on the flanks and crissum. 84; 
wing 3}; tail 43. New Mexico, Arizona, and southward. This is the 
P. mesoleucus Bo., 518; Cours, Proc. Phila. Acad. 1866, 90; Coor., 247, 
which is P. fuscus Swarnson, Philos. Mag. 1827, 434, of Mexico. Fuscus. 
Var. Atgicguta. Exactly like the last, but the white of the under parts extending 
further up the breast, the gular spots more restricted, sparser, and better defined. 
Cape St. Lucas. Bop., Proc. Phila. Acad. 1859, 305; Exxior, pl. 4; Coor., 248. 
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