TYRANNIDZ, FLYCATCHERS. —GEN. 104, 105. 169 
strident, though some species have a not unpleasant whistle or twitter. The sexes 
are not ordinarily distinguishable (remarkable exception in gen. 111), and the 
changes of plumage with age and season are not very great. The larger kinds are 
unmistakable, but several of the smaller species (of gen. 107, 108, 109) look very 
much alike, and their discrimination becomes a matter of much tact and diligence. 
104. Genus MILVULUS Swainson. 
* * Adults with the tail much longer than the body, deeply forficate, one or more 
outer primaries strongly emarginate, and a brightly colored crown-patch. 
Fork-tailed Flycatcher. Three or four primaries emarginate; crown- 
patch yellow. Clear ash, below white ; top and sides of head, and tail, black ; 
the outer tail feather white on the outer web for about half its length; wings 
dusky, unmarked. Sexes alike; young similar, but primaries not emar- 
ginate, nor tail lengthened. Wing about 4; tail from 3 inches to a foot 
long. <A beautiful bird of tropical America, accidental in the U. S. 
(Louisiana, New Jersey, Audubon). Aup., i, 196, pl. 52; Nurr., i, 274, 
PCR UE DT ehOGee nL koe pic ay ss. ceo s- at os xe sm | SOYRANNUSS 
Swallow-tailed Flycatcher. sScissor-tail. First primary alone emarginate 
(fig. 110a) ; crown-patch orange or scarlet. Hoary ash, paler or white below, 
sides at insertion of the wings scarlet or bloody-red, and other parts of the 
body variously tinged with the same, or a paler shade ; wings blackish, gener- 
ally with whitish edgings ; tail black, several outer feathers extensively white 
or rosy; wing about 44; tail upwards of a foot long. Young similar, lack- 
ing the crown-patch, less tinged with red, tail not elongated, primary not 
emarginate. Lower Mississippi Valley, Texas and southward; accidental 
in New Jersey (Anzot, Am. Nat., vi, 367). A most elegant and graceful 
Dirdes ee NUET.. 1, 2/01; Aop., 1, 197, pl. 53; Bp., 169. ~. . FORFICATUS. 
105. Genus TYRANNUS Cuvier. 
*,* Adults with the tail not forficate, shorter than the lengthened wings, of which 
several outer primaries are emarginate or gradually attenuate, and crown with a 
yellow or flame-colored patch. Young with the 
crown plain and primaries not emarginate. Sexes 
alike in color; primaries said to be less emarginate 
in the 9. 
* No olive nor decided yellow. 
Kingbird. Bee-martin. (PLATE 11, figs. 1, 
2, 1a, 2a.) Only two outer primaries obviously 
emarginate (fig. 110). Blackish-ash, still darker 
on head, below pure white, the breast shaded with 
plumbeous; wings dusky, with much whitish 
edging; tail black, broadly and sharply tipped 
with white, the outer feather sometimes edged FP! 111 Kingbird. Beemartin. 
with the same ; bill and feet black; very young birds show rufous edging of 
the wings and tail. Length about 8 inches; wing 44; tail 34, even or 
slightly rounded ; bill small, under an inch long. Temperate North America, 
KEY TO N. A. BIRDS. 22 
ke 
