eS RII TI ID 
170 TYRANNIDA, FLYCATCHERS.—GEN. 105, 106. 
but chiefly Eastern United States to Rocky Mountains; rare or casual on 
the Pacific slope ; abundant in summer. Destroys a thousand noxious insects 
for every bee it eats! Wi1s., i, 66, “ 13; Aup., i, 204, pl. 56; Nurr., i, 
ADs BD.S Ll COME patie tet a -. “. s . CAROLINENSIS. 
Gray Kingbird. Five or six outer primaries usually emarginate. Grayish- 
plumbeous, rather darker on the head, the auriculars dusky; below white, 
shaded with ashy on breast and sides, the under wing and tail coverts faintly 
yellowish ; wings and tail dusky, edged with whitish or yellowish; the tail 
feathers merely indistinctly lighter at the extreme tip. Larger than the last ; 
about 9; wing 54; tail nearly 5, more or less emarginate ;_ bill very turgid, 
an inch long. West Indies; Florida regularly ; N. to.Carolina rarely (Aud- 
ubon), to Massachusetts accidentally (Allen). Aup., i, 201, pl. 55; Bd., 
Dre hi et eal Mam Sees nea tae eae St nc Arcs ing ue Eee OMNI T OL NSE 
* * Olivaceous and yellow; belly and under tail coverts clear yellow, back ashy 
olive, changing to clear ash on the head, throat and breast, the chin whitening, the 
lores and auriculars usually dusky, wings dark brown with whitish edging, tail 
black or blackish, bill and feet black. Very young birds paler below, with rufous 
traces above. 8-9 long; wing nearly 5; tail about 4; bill 2-3. 
Arkansas Flycatcher. Several outer primaries gradually attenuated for a 
long distance (fig. 110c). Outer web of outer tail feather entirely white. Ash 
of the fore parts pale, contrasting with dusky lores and auric- 
ulars, fading insensibly into white on the chin, and chang- 
ing gradually to yellow on the belly ; olive predominating 
over ashy on the back. Western U.S., abundant; acci- 
dental in Louisiana, New Jersey. Nutr.,i, 273; Aup., i, 
MGS atcha, 199; pl, 54; Bp:, 173; ‘Coor., 312) 2 «2 eyanmemers 
Cassin’s Flycatcher. Several outer primaries abruptly emarginate for a 
short distance (fig. 110d). Outer web of outer tail feather barely or not edged 
with whitish. Ash of fore parts dark, little different on the lores and auricu- 
lars, changing rather abruptly to white on the chin and to yellow on the 
belly ; ashy predominating over olive on the back. Southwestern U. S., and 
southward, common. Tyrannus cassinii Lawr., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 
v, 39, pl. 3, f. 2; 7. vociferans Bv., 174; Coor., 314. . VOCIFERANS. 
Coucl’s Flycatcher. Very similar to the last; tail dark brown, like the 
wings, and obviously forked (about $ an inch; in cassinz? the tail is quite 
black and slightly emarginate or nearly even), all its feathers with slight 
pale edges, and their shafts pale on the under surface ; yellow of under parts 
very bright, reaching high up the breast; throat as well as chin extensively 
white. A universally distributed S. and Cent. Am. species, of which a slight 
“northern variety (7. couchii Bp., 175) reaches our Mexiean border. 5S. 
Arizona (Bendire) ; Cours, Am. Nat. vi, Aug. 1872. . MELANCHOLICUS. 
106. Genus MYIARCHUS Cabanis. 
*,* No colored patch on the crown, but head slightly crested; primaries not 
emarginate. Olivaceous ; more or less yellow below, the throat ash, the primaries 
