216 FALCONIDH, DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY.—GEN. 159. 
one specimen known, which has not been referred to any described species, 
but which cannot be considered as establishing one. Cass., Proc. Phila. 
Acad: 1856, 253, and im Bp-, 31; Coor.; 4723; 3. 2 <= ‘coorERms 
Harlan’s Buzzard. General color blackish, nearly uniform, the tail nearly 
concolor with the rest of the plumage, or mottled lengthwise with ashy, 
rufous and white, and having-a dark subterminal bar (in the young brown 
banded with black) ; inner webs of quills extensively white. Of nearly the 
size and form of the following species; tibial feathers remarkably long and 
flowing. “Louisiana ;” Aup., Orn. Biog. i, 441, v, 380, pl. 86, and B. Amer. 
i, 38, pl. 8; Nurr., i, 105. An obscure species, variously interpreted by 
different writers. See Lawr., Ann. Lyc. N. Y. v, 220; Cass., Ill. 101, and 
in Bp., 24; Bryant, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. viii, 109; Cours, Proc. Phila. 
Acad. 1866, 45; Ripeway, zbid. 1870, 142; Coop., 473. Different “black 
hawks” appear to have received this name, but Mr. Ridgway informs me that 
he believes he has the true harlanii, and that it isa good species. HARLANII. 
Red-tailed Buzzard. Hen Hawk. Adult dark brown above, many feathers 
with pale or tawny margins, and upper tail coverts showing much whitish ; 
below white er reddish-white, with various spots and streaks of different 
shades of brown, generally forming an irregular zone on the abdomen; 
tail above bright chestnut red, with subterminal black zone and narrow whitish 
tip, below pearly gray; wing coverts dark; young with the tail grayish- 
brown barred with darker, the upper parts with tawny streaking. A large 
stoutly-built hawk; 9 23; wing 153; tail 8$; g 20; wing 14; tail 7. 
Wits., vi, 76, 78, pl. 52, f. 1, 2 (adult and young) ; Nurr., i, 102; Aup., 
i, 32, pl. 7; Cass. in Bp., 25. This is the ordinary bird, abundant in 
Eastern North America, where it is subject to comparatively little variation. 
In the West, a form with the throat dark colored, and the under parts exten- 
sively rufous, is B. montanus Cass., Proc. Phila. Acad. 1856, 39, and in 
Bp., 26 (but not of Nutra). Coopr., 469; 2B. “swainsonii” Cass., Il. 
98 (not the true swainsonii; see below). Another western, melanotic form, 
in which the whole plumage is dark chocolate-brown, with the tail red and 
sometimes a large red patch on the breast, is 4. calurus Cass., Proc. Phila. 
Acad. vii, 1855, 281, and in Bp., 22; figured in Pacific R. R. Rep. x, pt. 
iii, pl. 14; Cours, Proc. Phila. Acad. 1866, 44. An unpublished variety 
from Cape St. Lucas is B. lucasanus Ripaway, Mss. . . BOREALIS. 
Red-Shouldered Buzzard. General plumage of the adult of a rich fulvous 
cast ; above, reddish-brown, the feathers with dark brown centres; below a 
lighter shade of the same, with narrow dark streaks and white bars; quills 
and tail blackish, conspicuously banded with pure white, the bend of the 
wing orange-brown. Young plain dark brown above, below white with dark 
streaks; quills and tail barred with whitish (“winter falcon,” /. hyemalis 
Wits., iv, 73, pl. 35, f. 1; Aup., Orn. Biog. i, 364, pl. 71; FF. buteoides 
Nurr., i, 100). Nearly as long as B. borealis, but not nearly so heavy ; 
tarsi more naked; 9 22; wing 14; tail9; ¢ 19; wing 13; tail 8 (average). 
Eastern North America, very abundant. Wrts., vi, 86, pl. 53, f. 3; Nurr., 
at an nT <a. 7 
i a 
