FALCONID&, DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY.—GEN. 159. 217 
i, 106; Aup., i, 40, pl. 9; Cass. in Bo., 28. In adult plumage, this hand- 
some hawk is unmistakable; but the student may require to look closely 
after the young. The western form, even darker “red” than the eastern, is 
B. elegans Cass., Proc. Phila. Acad. 1855, 281, and in Bp., 28, figured in 
phe. Rep. x, Cala. Route, pl. 2; Coop.,477. . . . . . IINHATUS. 
Band-tailed Buzzard. Black or blackish, upper parts with an indefinite 
number of pure white spots; bases of primaries white with black bars; tail 
of the adult with three broad white bars, of the young with several narrower 
imperfect ones; young varied with rusty? Smaller than any of the fore- 
going, more slightly built, and otherwise obviously different; about 18; 
wing 15; tail 9. California (Cooper), Arizona (Cowes), and southward. 
SotaterR, Trans. Zool. Soe. 1858, 263, pl. 59 (Mexico); Cours, Proc. 
emia Acad. 1866, 46; Coor., 479. . . . «. . « « » ZONOCERCUS. 
*** Three outer quills emarginate on inner web. 
Swainson’s Buzzard. Extremely variable in color, but usually showing 
a broad dark pectoral band contrasted with light surroundings, and numer- 
ous (8-12) narrow dark tail bars. A smaller bird than the foregoing 
(except zonocercus) ; 9 about 20; wing 16; tail 83; g less. Not so stoutly 
built; wings and tail relatively longer. Chiefly Western North America; 
also, Canada and Massachusetts. It comes nearest B. vulgaris of Europe. 
B. vulgaris Sw. and Ricw., F. B.-A. ii, 47, pl. 27; Nurr., ii, 559; Avp., 
i, 30, pl. 6; Falco buteo Aup., Orn. Biog. iv, 208, pl. 872; B. montanus 
Norr., i, 2d ed. 112; B. swainsoni Cass. in Bp., 19 (not of Ill. 98); 
Coop., 476; Bp., P. RR. Rep. x, pt. ili, pls. 12, 138. JB. bairdit Hoy, 
Proc. Phila. Acad. 1853, 451 (Wisconsin) ; Cass., Ill. i, 99, 257, pl. 41, 
and in Bp., 21, is the young, differing materially in color. LB. insignatus 
Cass., Ill. 102, 198, pl. 31, and in Bp., 23 (Canada; Nebraska; California) ; 
Coopr., 474, is a melanotic plumage. wee Ss Aa hee SWAINSONIGs 
Broad-winged Buzzard. Above, umber-brown, the feathers with paler, 
or even with fulvous or ashy-white, edging, those of the hind head and nape 
-eottony-white at base; quills blackish, most of the inner webs white, barred 
with dusky ; tail with about three broad dark zones alternating with narrow 
white ones, and white-tipped ; conspicuous dusky maxillary patches; under 
parts white, or tawny, variously streaked, spotted or barred with rusty or 
rufous, this color usually predominating in adult birds, when the white 
chiefly appears as oval or circular spots on each feather; throat generally 
whiter than elsewhere, narrowly dark-lined. In the young, the upper parts 
are duller brown, varied with white, the under parts tawny-whitish with 
linear and oblong dark spots, the tail grayish-brown with numerous dark 
bars. 9 18; wing 11; tail 7; ¢g less. Eastern North America, and 
throughout Middle America to Panama; common. <A rather small but stout 
species, with short broad wings, very different from any of the foregoing, 
and easily recognized; the maxillary patches are a strong feature. WILs., 
vi, 92, pl. 54, f. 1; Nurr., i, 105; Avp., i, 43, pl. 10; Cass. in Bp., 29. 
Falco latissimus Wis., 1. c. (later copies). . . . . PENNSYLVANICUS. 
KEY TO N. A. BIRDS. 28 
