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260 SCOLOPACID, SNIPE, ETC.—GEN. 217, 218, 219. 
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217. Genus TRINGOIDES Bonaparte. 
Spotted Sandpiper. Bill short, straight, grooved nearly to tip; 7-8; | 
wing about 4; tail about 2; bill, tarsus and middle toe, each, about 1. : 
Above, olive (quaker-color; exactly as in a cuckoo) with a coppery lustre, 
finely varied with black; line over eye, and entire under parts, pure white, 
with numerous sharp circular black spots, larger and more crowded in the 9 
than in the 3, entirely wanting in very young birds; secondaries broadly 
white-tipped and inner primaries with a 
white spot; most of the tail feathers like 
the back, with subterminal black bar and 
white tip; bill pale yellow, tipped with 
black ; feet flesh-color. N. Am., extremely 
abundant everywhere near water, and 
breeding throughout the country; famil- 
iarly known as the sandlark, peetweet, teeter-tail, tip-up, etc., these last 
names being given in allusion to its habit (shared by allied species) of 
jetting the tail as it moves; a custom as marked as the continual bobbing of 
the head of the solitary tattler and others. Nest a slight affair of dried 
grasses, on the ground, often in a field or orchard, but generally near water ; 
eggs 4, pointed, creamy or clay colored, blotched with blackish and neutral 
tint. WILS., vii, 60, pl. 59, f. 1; Nurr., it, 162; Aun., v, 303, pl. 342; 
Cass. in Bp., 735. Set peat . oes . . MACULARIUS.. 
Fic. 172. Spotted Sandpiper. ‘ 
218. Genus PHILOMACHUS Mocehring. 
Ruf (3g). Reeve (9). Bill straight, about as long as the head, 
grooved nearly to tip; “gape reaching behind culmen; outer and middle toe 
webbed at base, inner cleft; tail barred; ¢ in the breeding season with the 
“face bare and beset with papille, and the neck with an extravagant ruff of 
elongated feathers; plumage endlessly variable in color; about 10; wing 
64-7; tail 24-3; bill 14; tarsus 12; middle toe and claw 14; 9 smaller, 
the head fully feathered, and no ruff. A widely distributed bird of the Old 
World, noted for its pugnacity; occasionally killed on the coast of New 
England and the Middle States; some half dozen instances are recorded. 
Norw., ii, 131; Cass. in Bp., 737; Lawr., Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1852, 220 
(Long Island) ; Brewster, Am. Nat. vi, 306 (Massachusetts). . PUGNAX. 
219. Genus ACTITURUS Bonaparte. 
Bartramian Sandpiper. Upland Plover. Field Plover. Bill straight, 
about as long as the head, grooved 3 its length, the gape very deep, 
reaching nearly to below the eyes, the feathers extending on the upper _ 
mandible beyond those on the lower, which do not fil the interramal. space ; 
tail very long, more than half the wing, graduated ; tarsi much longer than 
the middle toe and claw; tibize bare nearly the length of the latter; length 
11-13; wing 6-7; tail 3-4; bill 1-14; middle toe and claw the same; 
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