146 



Bird Studies. 



the lower parts are clearer yellow, and the wings and tail are clear black. 

 The change from this phase of plumage to the bright breeding dress does 

 not seem to have been observed, but is doubtless reached by a partial moult 

 in the winter months. 



SCARLET TANAGER. ADULT FEMALE. 



The nest is much like that of the Summer Tanager, and a fairly typical 

 structure is reproduced, from a photograph, on the succeeding page. The 

 eggs are not quite as large as those of the Summer Tanager, but in color 

 and markings are similar. 



The birds are found as far north as Southern Ontario and Manitoba 

 and breed from Virginia and Southern Illinois north. They winter in the 

 same region as the Summer Tanager. 



The males of the Scarlet Tanager vary much in the shade and intensity 

 of both the red of the body and black of the wings and tail. They also pre- 

 sent curious e.xamples of color variation, similar to that referred to in the 

 case of the Summer Tanager, viz., variety of color and pattern. One of the 

 most frequent of these divergences is in the direction of one or two more or 

 less clearly defined scarlet or bright yellow wing bars. These occur most 

 often in very intensely colored birds. 



