4 VULTURIN&. 
Genus, Gyps, Sav. 
Tail with twelve or fourteen feathers; bill more lengthened 
than in Vultur ; culmer more gradually curving, much rounded 
and compressed beyond the cere; nostrils oblong, oblique, or 
transverse ; head and neck clothed with soft down; the bottom 
of the neck with a ruff of lengthened feathers. 
Gyps fulvescens, Hume. 
3 btis—Butler, Guzerat ; Stray Feathers, Vol. III, p. 442; 
Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 63; Swinhoe and 
Barnes, Central India ; Ibis, 1885, p. 53 ; Hume’s Scrap Book, 
p. 19. 
Tue Bay VULTURE. 
Length, 41 to 47; expanse, 94 to 106; wing, 27 to 29°5; tail 
(of 14 feathers), 12 to 13°5 ; tarsus, 3°88 to 42; bill from gape, 
3 to 3:2; weight, 12 to 18 lbs. 
The top of the head, cheeks, chin and throat are covered with 
dingy yellowish-white hair-like feathers, so closely set upon 
the top of the head, chin and throat, and with such an admixture 
of brown that the dark skin, which in the hill bird(G. himalayensis) 
shows so plainly through the scant covering, is, in this species, 
completely hidden. The nape and the whole of the neck (except 
the back and side of the basal one-fifth or less, which are bare or 
nearly bare), are closely covered with dense, short, fur-like white 
or dingy yellowish-white down. The crop-patch is about the 
same color as in the hill bird, but somewhat more rufous, and 
the whole of the rest of the plumage is a far more rufous, and 
deeper fawn or buffy-brown than in G. himalayensis. The lower 
plumage is in the adult of a rich rufous-brown, bay, or even dull- 
chesnut, conspicuously white shafted, whilst the mantle is a 
warm sandy-brown, unlike the coloring of any of our other Indian 
Vultures. The feathers of the ruff are almost linear, (the web 
not so much separated as in the hill bird) usually of a warm 
wood-brown or rufous-fawn, the feathers conspicuously paler 
centred. The upper back, the whole of the upper wing-coverts and 
all but the longest scapulars are a warm wood-brown, or 
brownish rufous-fawn, yellower and sandier, in some deeper and 
more of a bay color in others. The secondaries, tertials and 
longer scapulars, umber (but not dark-umber) brown ; the latter 
(viz. the longer scapulars) more or less tipped with the rufous 
or sandy color of the upper back, which color, in some specimens, 
more or less extends to the tips and outer webs of the tertiaries. 
Lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts the same color as the 
upper back, but of a considerably lighter tint, in some mingled 
with brown, and in some altogether of a pale pure bay. The 
primaries and tail-feathers are very dark brown; in some not so 
dark as the corresponding feathers in G. himalayensis, but in 
others of an intense chocolate-brown. Lower parts a rich sandy 
