FALCONIN A. 15 
brown ; interior thigh-coverts white ; exterior thigh-coverts 
white, tinged with fulvous, each feather dark shafted, and with 
a central lanceolate stripe of brown, the bars above mentioned 
showing through; the lower wing-coverts, all reddish-brown, 
conspicuously margined at the tip, and the longer ones barred 
with somewhat fulvous-white. 
Mr. Hume in his “ Rough Notes” gives the measurements and 
description of a fine female, shot by him in the Punjaub :— 
Dimensions.—Length, 17:95 ; expanse, 4°1, tail from vent, 
7°25 ; foot, greatest length, 4°5, greatest width 4; wing, 13; 
wings, when closed, reach to within 1°87 of end of tail ; tarsus, 
1'75 ; mid-toe to root of claw, 19 ; weight, 1:87 lbs. 
Description.—The irides were deep brown; the cere, gape, 
and orbital skin, as well as the legs and feet, were bright yellow; 
the claws were black, and the corneous portion of the bill was 
blue, changing to horny-black at the tip. 
The forehead and the centre of the top of the head were 
sandy-rufous, each feather with a dark-brown shaft; the sides 
of the top and the back of the head were a somewhat ashy or 
slaty-brown, the feathers more or less margined with sandy- 
rufous ;a broad, rufous, half collar ran round the back of the 
neck, a little mottled behind the ear-coverts, and again in the 
centre of the back of the neck, with dusky-slaty; the whole 
mantle was slaty-grey, dark and dusky towards the base of the 
neck, and paling towards the rump and upper tail-coverts; most, 
if not all, of the feathers were narrowly margined paler, those 
towards the nape with rufous, and those lower down with greyish- 
white; most of the feathers also were somewhat conspicuously 
darker shafted, and all exhibited broad, transverse somewhat 
ill-defined, dusky-slaty, bands; the rump and upper tail- 
coverts were pale slaty, or French-grey, with brown shafts, and 
transverse arrow head, dusky bars; the tail-feathers were 
pale slaty-grey, tipped with rufous, and with numerous broad 
transverse, well defined, slaty-brown bars, broadest towards the 
tips; there was a blackish line under the eye, continued down- 
wards for about an inch and a quarter, as a narrow cheek-stripe ; 
the two cheek-stripes nearly meet on the throat, about an inch 
and a half below the base of the lower mandible; the whole 
of the lower parts were a rich rufous-salmon color, somewhat 
paler on the chin and centre of the throat, and deeper on the 
ear-coverts, sides of neck, and centre of the abdomen; the 
breast, chin and throat are perfectly spotless ; the abdomen, 
flanks, lower tail-coverts and tibial plumes were regularly, but 
rather widely barred with slaty-brown; the bars, everywhere 
narrow, being nearly obsolete in the centre of the abdomen, and 
best marked on the flanks; the under wing-coverts were of 
a pale salmon color, conspicuously barred with brown. 
The Red-headed Falcon or Lanner has only been recorded from 
Sind. With regard to its nidification nothing certain seems to be 
