30 AQUILINAE. 
At a later stage the bird is uniform fulvous-brown throughout. 
In an intermediate state, the abdomen is marked with fulvous 
streaks, and there are many specks and streaks of the same 
on the head and back of the neck. The adult bird is tawny- 
brown, with the head and throat dusky, or almost black; the 
feathers of the crown, and the neck-hackles, tipped with pale 
brown ; the wings, breast, and lower parts deep fuscous brown; 
the breast slightly speckled, and the belly and wings spotted 
more or less with light tawny-brown; two wing bars, and the 
tip of the tail also hight. 
The Tawny Eagle is very common everywhere, and is fre- 
quently to be seen soaring with Kites, or perched on the top 
of a tree, even within cantonments. They breed from Decem- 
ber to March, or even later; the nest, composed of sticks, is 
placed rather high up in a lofty tree, as a rule, near a village ; 
the eggs, two in number (very rarely three’, are broad greyish- 
white ovals, thinly spotted with yellowish-brown; unspotted 
varieties frequently occur. 
They average 2°63 inches in length, by 2-1 in breadth. 
Genus, Hieraétus, Kaup. 
Bill small, slightly curving from the base; commissure per- 
fectly straight; wings not reaching to the end of the tail; tarsus 
short, stout ; toes short, inner claw very large. Birds of small 
size, with a tendency to an occipital crest. The inner edge of 
the centre claw is somewhat dilated as in Pernis. 
Hieraétus pennatus, Gm. 
31.—Aquila pennata, Gm.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. I, 
p- 63; Butler, Deccan and Southern Mahratta country; Stray 
Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 372; Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, 
p. 78; Hume’s Scrap Book, p. 182. 
THE DwarrFr EAGLE. 
g. Length, 18°75 to 22; expanse, 49 to 53; wing, 15 to 16°5 
tail, 8°25 to 9; tarsus, 2°3 to 2:5; bill from gape, 1°4. 
¢. Length, 19 to 24; wing, 15°5 to 165; tail, 9 to 9:25; 
tarsus, 2°8. 
Bill bluish-black, pale blue at base ; cere bright yellow ; irides 
pale brown ; legs and feet pale wax-yellow. 
Head and neck pale orange-brown; the feathers lanceolate, 
and streaked in the centre with dark brown; some of the fea- 
thers lengthened, entirely brown, forming a rudimentary crest ; 
a narrow superciliary stripe, and a band from the angle of the 
mouth below the ears, and acentral stripe on the chin, dark 
brown ; the rest’ of the upper plumage sepia-brown; the mid- 
dle wing-coverts, and some of the scapulars, broadly edged with 
whitish-brown, forming a conspicuous light band on the. wings; 
tail dark brown, with a pale tip, the inner webs of the feathers 
