40 AQUILINA, 
?. Length, 32 to 3425; expanse, 82 to 85; wing, 23 to 24; 
tail, 13 to 14; tarsus, 4 to 4:5; bill from gape,265 to 2°88. 
Cere pale bluish-green; nostrils, gape, and base of lower 
mandible bluish; upper mandible greenish-horn color; irides 
pale brownish-yellow ; feet greyish-white. 
Adult : whole head and neck. pale fulvous, brownish on the 
head and nape; feathers of the neck long and lanceolate ; in- 
terscapulars, back and rump rich brown ;scapulars and wings dark 
brown, blackening on the quills ; tail ashy-black, or dark cinereous, 
with a broad white central band; beneath, from the throat, 
reddish-brown, darkest on the lower abdomen, thigh-coverts, and 
under tail-coverts. 
The young bird has the head and hind neck light brown ; 
ear-coverts dusky-brown; the upper plumage brown, with the 
quills dark ; tail black throughout; lower plumage pale brown ; 
the wings reach to the end of the tail, which is very slightly, 
rounded. 
The Ring-tailed Sea Eagle occurs sparingly in Guzerat, but 
is far more common in Sind, where it breeds durmg November, 
December, and January. The nests are huge platforms, com- 
posed of stout sticks and are placed near the top of a high tree 
in the vicinity of water; the eggs, generally three (occasionally 
only two, more seldom four), in number, are greyish-white in 
color and measure about 2°75 inches, in length by 2:2 in breadth. 
Haliaétus albicilla, Zin. 
42bis——Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 838; Hume’s 
Scrap Book, p. 253. 
THE EvuroPpEAN WHITE-TAILED SEA EAGLE. 
d. Length, 36 ; expanse, 72 ; wing 24; tail, 11°5; tarsus, 4. 
¢. Length, 40; expanse, 80; wing, 27°5; tail, 12; tarsus, 4°5. 
Male.—The cere and bill are pale yellow; the irides bright 
yellow ; the tarsi and toes gamboge ; the claws black with a tinge 
of greyish-blue ; the plumage of the head, neck, forepart of the 
back and breast, with the upper wing-coverts greyish-yellow ; 
the feathers all greyish-brown at the base, of the other parts 
greyish-brown, edged with yellowish-grey; the scapulars and 
feathers of the rump glossed with purple, those of the abdo- 
men, tibize, and subcaudal region inclining to chocolate-brown ; 
the quills and alular feathers brownish-black, with a tinge of 
grey ; the inner secondaries inclining to greyish-brown ; the shafts 
of all white towards the base ; the lower surface of the quills and 
the larger coverts tinged with greyish-blue ; upper tail-coverts 
and the tail are white, (generally freckled with dusky grey at 
the base) ; the down on the breast is pale grey, that on the sides 
darker. 
Female.—The female does not differ from the male in color, 
aud her superiority in size is often not. remarkable. 
