144 LANIANZ. 
ferruginous ; wing black; edge of the wing, and a small spot 
near the base of the primaries, white; tail, with the four 
central feathers, black, the outer feathers reddish-cineraceous, 
edged and tipped paler or whitish; beneath white, ferruginous 
on the flanks and under tail-coverts. . 
The Rufous-backed Shrike is common throughout the district, 
and is a permanent resident, breeding from May to August, but 
occasionally nests are found much earlier; they are generally 
built in babool trees, and are compact, deep, cup-shaped 
structures, composed of the same materials as the last. 
The eggs, from four to six in number, are miniatures of 
those of L. lahtora. They measure 0°92 inches in length by 
071 in breadth. 
Lanius nigriceps, Franklin. 
259,—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. I, p. 404. 
THE BLACK-HEADED SHRIKE. 
Length, 9°2 to 103; expanse, 11 to 12; wing, 36 to 375 ; 
tail, 4°75 to 5°25 ; tarsus, 116; bill from gape, 1; bill at front, 
0°65. 
_ Bill black ; irides deep brown ; legs brown-black. 
Head above, nape, wings and tail, black; upper part of back 
ashy ; lower back, scapulars, rump and upper tail-coverts, rufous ; 
beneath the throat, breast and middle of the abdomen white; 
sides of abdomen, vent, and lower tail-coverts, rufous. 
Jerdon in his Birds of India states: “I have seen it in Goomsoor 
but not further south ; and from this it ranges in land into the nor- 
thern part of Central India.” 
Lanius vittatus, Valenc. 
260.—Lanius hardwickii, Vigors.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. 
I, p. 405; Butler, Guzerat ; Stray Feathers, Vol. III, p. 463 ; 
Deccan, Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 392; Murray’s Vertebrate 
Zoology of Sind, p. 121; Swinhoe and Barnes, Central India ; 
Ibis, 1885, p. 65. 
THE BAY-BACKED SHRIKE. 
Length, 7:25 to 8; expanse, 10; wing, 3:25; tail, 3:25 to 4; 
tarsus, 0°7to 0°8 ; bill at front, 0°5. 
Bill black ; irides hazel-brown ; legs black. 
The whole forehead, with eye-stripe, continued to the nape, 
black ; top of the head white; back of head, nape and the 
lower part of the back, whitish-grey, paler and almost white on 
the upper tail-coverts; middle of the back and scapulars deep 
chesnut or bay ; wings and tail black, the former with a wing-spot 
on the primaries, and the latter with the two outermost tail- 
feathers on each side and base, and tips of the others (except the 
four central) white ; body beneath, white, tinged with fulvescent: 
on the breast, and the sides of the abdomen dark ferruginous. 
