188 PYCNONOTIN &. 
hair-like crimson feathers over the ears, and reaching beyond them ; 
a narrow line of black borders the ear-coverts beneath ; plumage 
above light hair-brown, darker on the quills and on the tail, 
especially towards the tip; beneath from the chin white, the 
sides of the breast dark-brown, forming an interrupted gorget. 
The Southern Red-whiskered Bulbul is common on the Sahyadri 
Range and adjacent forests ; it is also very common at Aboo. 
It is a permanent resident and breeds from March to May. 
The nests are neatly made, and are of a deep cup-shape, composed 
of grass roots, with a quantity of dead leaves or dried ferns 
worked into the bottom and lined with fine grass. The eggs, 
two or three in number, are reddish-white in color, thickly mot- 
tled, freckled, and streaked with rich blood-red, with a few 
scarcely visible spots of pale inky-purple. 
They measure 0°9 inches in length, by 0°66 in breadth. 
Genus, Pycnonotus, Kuhl. 
Bill moderately long, strong, moderately curved, with strongish 
rictal bristles; legs and feet stout; tail barely rounded, almost 
square ; under tail-coverts red. 
Pycnonotus (Molpastes) pygeeus, Hodgs. 
461.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. IT, p. 93. 
THE ComMMON BENGAL BULBUL. 
Length, 8°75; expanse, 12°5; wing, 3°85; tail, 3°25; tarsus, 
0°88; bill at front, 0:62. 
Bill black ; irides deep-brown ; legs dark-brown. 
Head, nape, hind-neck, chin, throat, and breast, glossy black ; 
ear-coverts glossy hair-brown; from the hind-neck dark smoky 
brown, edged with ashy, which is the color of the rump; the 
upper tail-coverts white; tail brownish-black, tipped with white, 
except the central pair; wings as the back; the shoulders and 
wing-coverts edged with whitish; below, from the breast, dark 
brown, edged with ashy, passing to ashy on the lower abdomen ; 
vent and under tail-coverts rich crimson. 
According to Jerdon, the Bengal Bulbul is found in the jungles 
of Central India, north of the Nerbudda river. 
Pycnonotus hemorrhous, Gmelin. 
462.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. II, p. 94; Butler, Guzerat ; 
Stray Feathers, Vol. III, p. 473; Deccan, Stray Feathers, 
Vol. IX, p. 402; Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 135 ; 
Swinhoe and Barnes, Central India ; Ibis, 1885, p. 68. 
THE CoMMON MADRAS BULBUL. 
Length, 8 ; expanse, 11; wing, 36; tail, 3:3; tarsus, 0°8; bill 
at front, 0°52. 
Bill black ; irides deep-brown ; legs greenish-slaty. 
Head, chin, and throat, black; nape and back smoky-brown 
