PHYLLORNITHINZ. 191 
deep black, the former with two white bars, caused by the tips 
of the greater-coverts; scapulars also partly white; the tail 
tipped with yellowish-white ; beneath bright-yellow ; abdomen and 
lower tail-coverts pale-yellow ; the flanks have a tuft of white 
_ feathers, and the basesof the clothing feathers are mostly 
white. 
In non-breeding plumage, and in males not fully adult, the 
black of the upper plumage is less in extent, and more 
mixed with green; the white of the quills are faintly edged with 
pale-yellow externally, and the innermost ones are white 
internally near the tip; and the pale tips to the tail-feathers are 
more distinct. 
The female is entirely grass-green above, pale-yellow beneath ; 
the wings blackish, with whitish bars and yellow edges; and the 
tail green pale tipped. 
Mr. Hume has gone fully into this question in Stray Feathers, 
Vol. V, p. 428, et seq. 
The White-winged Green Bulbul is a permanent resident in the 
Deccan ; it is also common in parts of Rajpootana and at Mhow, 
Central India; it does not occur in Sind, and in the plains of 
Northern Guzerat it is replaced by the next species. , 
They breed from May to September. The nest is generally 
placed on the upper surface of a horizontal bough, and is very 
neatly made, deeply cup-shaped, and is composed of grass and 
fibres, coated outside with spider’s webs. 
The eggs, two or three in number, are moderately broad oval 
in shape, slightly pointed towards one end. The ground-color 
is greyish-white (but occasionally with a creamy tinge), with long 
streaky blotches of pale-brown or brownish-red. They measure 
0°68 in length by 0°54 in breadth. 
Tora (Aigithina) nigrolutea, Marshall. 
468bis.—Butler, Guzerat ; Stray Feathers, Vol. V, p. 220. 
THE WESTERN IORA. 
In breeding plumage the male has the forehead, crown, occiput 
and nape, glossy black, the black terminating in a well defined 
curved line; the chin, throat, cheeks, ear-coverts, breast, sides 
of neck, and a broad half-collar occupying the base of the back 
of the neck and the upper back, intense gamboge-yellow. Rarely 
this collar is entirely uniform, generally a few of the central 
feathers are narrowly fringed at the tips with black, occasionally 
most of the feathers are so fringed. Mid-back glossy-black, 
rarely unbroken, generally with a little of the yellow (or towards 
the rump, greenish), bases of the feathers showing through ; 
in one specimen with a great deal of this ; rump pale-greenish, 
the white bases of the feathers often showing through a good 
deal ; upper tail-coverts and tail black, the former with a 
bluish gloss, the latter with all the feathers tipped white, the 
white not unfrequently running.some distance up the margin of 
