192 IRENINZ, 
the inner, and in a few cases of the outer webs also; coverts 
and tertiaries black ; both median and greater-coverts broadly 
tipped with white. In many specimens the tertiaries and the 
latest secondaries are broadly margined at the tips with white, 
but in some this is less conspicuous, and in some towards the 
close of the breeding season it is almost entirely wanting on the 
tertiaries. The primaries and secondaries hair-brown, more or 
less of the outer webs towards their bases blackish, and margined 
on their outer webs very narrowly, in some more, in others less 
conspicuously with white. 
The abdomen is like the breast, but paler ; in some with a 
greenish tinge towards the sides, and on its lower half, and in 
the other case looking (in skins) nearly white owing to the 
intermixture of the long silky-white feathers of the flank tufts. 
Wing-lining and axillaries, and more or less of the inner margins 
of the quills, satiny-white ; a slight primrose tinge at the bend 
of the wing. 
The females and males in non-breeding plumage have the 
entire under parts a pale mealy-yellow, slightly shaded with 
olive-green. The head is similar, but not quite so light ; the nape 
and entire back similar, but much more strongly overlaid with 
olive-green. 
The wings and tail are as in the breeding season, except that 
the wings have the margins, specially of the tertiaries, very 
conspicuous, and much tinged with pale-yellow ; that the greater- 
coverts often have pale-yellow margins besides the white tips ; 
and that the central tail-feathers are almost entirely greyish- 
white, tipped purer white, and with the outer webs in many 
specimens more or less shaded with ashy or occasionally olivace- 
ous ashy. (Hume). 
The Western Iora is found on the plains at the foot of Mount 
Aboo, and extends through Northern Guzerat. On Aboo itself the 
common species alone occurs. 
Sus-ramiy, Irenine. 
Bill stout, of moderate length, somewhat widened at the bases ; 
culmen elevated, and slightly arching from the base; the tip not 
much hooked, but distinctly toothed ; nostrils partially concealed 
by short plumes; rictus with short but distinct bristles; wings 
moderate or rather long ; fourth quill longest, third nearly as long ; 
tail moderate, even ; feet with the tarsus very short; lateral toes 
very slightly unequal ; claws short, well curved. 
Genus, Irena, Horsfield. 
The characters are similar to those of the sub-family. 
Irena puella, Latham. 
469 —Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. II, p. 105 ; Butler, Deccan ; 
Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 403. 
