MOTACILLIN &. 243 
Bill dusky, yellowish at base beneath ; irides dark-brown ; legs 
pale-brown. oe 
This Pipit is very similar to the last, and a detailed description 
is therefore unnecessary. The chief points of difference are: the 
tone of color less deep, less distinctly striated on the body ; it 
is also more tinged with fulvescent on the throat, breast, and 
under parts generally ; and the hind-claw is slightly more curved. 
The European Tree Pipit is generally distributed throughout 
the Presidency during the cold weather. 
Anthus spinoletta, Lin. 
605ter.—Butler, Guzerat; Stray Feathers, Vol. III, p. 491; 
Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 170. 
. THE WATER PIPIT. 
Length, 6°37 to 7:25 ; expanse, 95 to 11:25; wing, 3:15 to 36; 
tail, 2°75; bill at front, 0°45 to 0°53. 
Bill dark horny-brown; irides brown; legs and feet brown 
or dark-brown. 
In the winter plumage the upper surface is a sort of olive- 
brown, with more or less of a faintly rufous tinge; the rump 
unstriated; the head and back with dark hair-brown centres to 
the feathers; there is a well marked dull white stripe from the 
nostril over the eye; the coverts and the quills are mostly hair- 
brown, the former broadly margined with brownish or olivaceous- 
white, purer just at the tips of the coverts, and the latter narrow- 
ly margined ; the first few primaries with greyish-white, the rest 
with a sort of greenish or olivaceous-white ; the tippings of the 
coverts form two tolerably well marked wing-bars; the ter- 
tiaries, which are somewhat paler than the rest of the quills, 
are broadly margined with brownish-white; the central tail- 
feathers, which are the shortest, are a comparatively pale-brown, 
margined all round with brownish-white ; the next pair on either 
side are very dark-brown, very narrowly margined with pale 
olivaceous, and the fourth with a tiny whitish spot at the extreme 
tip; the exterior tail-feathers of all have the whole outer webs 
white, slightly brownish towards the tip, the whole inner web 
white for nearly half an inch from the tip, beyond which for 
another three-quarters of an inch the white occupies (next the 
shaft) a gradually diminishing portion of the inner web, the rest 
of the feather being brown; the lower surface is a dull white, 
in many specimens with a faint vinaceous tinge, in parts with a 
row of small brown spots down the sides of the neck, with simi- 
lar spots on the breast, and longer striz along the sides and 
flanks. 
. In the summer plumage the whole upper surface becomes greatly 
overlaid with an earthy or greyish-brown shade, the striations 
of the back and head almost disappear, though the edges of the 
feathers are still somewhat paler than the centres, and the whole 
