PHAPIN&. 293 
Sus-FAMILY, Phapinee. 
Tarsus much lengthened, not feathered; tail consisting of 
twelve, fourteen, or sixteen feathers. 
Genus, Chalcophaps, Gould. 
Bill slender; wings moderately long; second and third quills 
nearly equal and longest; tail rather short, rounded; tarsus 
moderately long, not feathered ; toes long ; hind-toe lengthened; 
claws moderately curved. 
Chalcophaps indica, Zin. 
798.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. II, p. 484; Butler, Deccan ; 
Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 421. 
THE BRONZE-WINGED DovE. 
Length, 10°5; expanse, 17°5; wing, 5:5; tail, 3°75. 
Bill bright coral-red, dusky at base ; orbits livid-fleshy ; irides 
dark-brown ; feet dull purple-red. 
Male, forehead white, continued as a supercilium over the eye; 
crown of the head and the middle of the neck ash-grey; back 
and wings shining dark emerald-green, slightly glossed with 
golden ; the feathers of the back distinct and scale-like ; two 
broad dusky bars, alternating with two greyish-white ones on the 
lower back and rump; the feathers with the basal and middle 
portion of the shaft very broad and fiattened; tail dusky, the 
two outer feathers on each side whitish-grey, with a black sub- 
terminal band; primaries dusky, and a white bar at the shoulder 
of the wing; beneath, the whole neck, breast, and lower parts, 
vinaceous red-brown, paler on the lower abdomen; the lower tail- 
coverts ashy, the longest being blackish; wing beneath dark 
reddish-brown. 
The female has the forehead greyish-white, and the superci- 
lium narrower ; the head rufescent, the lower parts browner, and 
the under tail-coverts more or less ferruginows;she also wants 
the white shoulder spot. 
The young are more dusky above, with little green, and barred 
below. 
The Bronze-winged Dove is sparingly distributed along the 
Sahyadri Range ; it frequents dense forests. 
Orper, Rasores. 
Bill short, vaulted, more or less bent down at the tip; nostrils 
pierced in a membrane covering the base of the bill, and pro- 
tected by a cartilaginous scale; wings usually short and rounded, 
but ample; tail very variable, both in length and form, of from 
twelve to eighteen feathers; legs and feet strong, feathered to 
the tarsus, which is frequently spurred in the male; three toes 
before and one behind; the posterior one typically short, and 
