TRINGINZA. 353 
greater-coverts barred black and reddish-brown ; primaries dusky ; 
tail with the middle feathers barred black and reddish-brown ; the 
throat, forepart of the neck, and the lower parts pure white, some- 
times mottled with blackish ; the breast reddish or ashy-brown, 
with or without darker spots. 
The female is much smaller, has more of an ashy tint through- 
out, and the feathers more or less dark centred. 
Length, 95 to 105; wing, 6; tail, 2:2; tarsus, 16; weight, 
3'5 to 4 oz. 
The Ruff is a very common cold weather visitant to Guzerat, 
Kutch, and Jodhpore ; it is rather less common in Sind, and in 
the Deccan it is rare. It is one of the earliest of our winter yisi- 
tants. It is excellent eating when in good condition. 
Genus, Tringa, Lin. 
Bill moderate or short, soft, flexible, straight, or bent down at 
the tip, which is depressed and obtuse, channelled through almost 
to the tip; wings long with the first quill longest ; tail short, 
even ; tarsus rather short, scutellate anteriorly ; toes free, or 
barely united by a small web. 
Tringa crassirostris, Tem. & Schlegq. 
881b2s.—Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology of Sind, p. 249. 
TEMMINCK’S KNoT. 
Length, 11:35 to 12:0; expanse, 23°5 to 24; wing, 71 to 73 ; 
tail, 2°7 to 2°8 ; tarsus, 1°4 to 1°55 ; bill at front, 1°6 to 1°85. 
Bill black, occasionally paler at base beneath ; legs and feet 
vary from dusky to pale plumbeous. 
In the winter plumage the upper surface reminds one nota little 
of that of Totanus stagnatilis. The whole lower parts are 
white, but the base of the neck in front, and the sides, are marked 
with numerous small brown striz, and the upper breast, besides 
more or less of these striations, is mottled with larger pale brown 
spots, here and there interspersed with conspicuous heart-shaped 
blackish-brown spots, which are the first traces of the coming 
summer plumage. 
Lores, top, back, and sides of the head and neck very pale 
greyish-brown, all the feathers narrowly streaked along the shaft 
with dark-brown ; the upper back and whole mantle is a mixture 
of pale brown and ashy, most of the feathers with blackish shafts, 
more or less darkly centred, and all conspicuously, though narrow- 
ly, margined and tipped with white ; lower back and rump brown, 
the feathers narrowly and regularly margined with white ; upper 
tail-coverts similar, but the white margins much broader and the 
brown more or less obsolete on many of them ; tai! feathers 
greyish-brown, greyer and somewhat darker on the central one, 
and paler and browner on the external ones, all are excessively 
narrowly, in fact almost obsoletely, bordered with white ; the 
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