412 FULIGULINZ. 
depressed ; nail large; lamelle distant; wings moderate, first 
quill longest. 
Fuligula rufina, Pallas, 
967.—Branta rufina, Pall—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. II, 
p- 811; Butler, Guzerat ; Stray Feathers, Vol. IV, p.30 ; Deccan, 
Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 438; Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology 
of Sind, p. 313; Game Birds of India, Vol. IIT, p. 253. 
THE RED-CRESTED POCHARD, 
Length, 201 to 22:1; expanse, 33°75 to 38:2; wing, 9°6 to 
10°75; tail, 30 to 4:2; tarsus, 15 to 1°75; bill from gape, 2:25 
to 2°42; weight, 112 to 214 lbs. 
Bill bright vermilion-red; nail brownish-white; irides vary 
from brown to red; legs from dingy salmon color to orange-red. 
Male: head, cheeks, throat, and the upper part of the neck 
reddish-bay ; the feathers on the crown elongated, and of a silky 
texture, forming a crest somewhat paler than the rest of the 
head ; back, wings, and tail, yellowish-brown ; the band of the 
wing, a large spot on the sides of the back, the speculum, and 
the base of the primary quills, white ; lower part of the neck, 
breast, and abdomen, deep black ; the flanks white. 
The female has the upper parts pale yellowish brown, darker 
on the head and neck, and the crest less developed; speculum 
half greyish-white, half pale brown ; base of the quills white, 
tinged with brown ; breast and flanks yellowish-brown ; belly 
grey ; bill and feet reddish-brown. 
The Red-crested Pochard is commonin Sind, less soin Guzerat 
and Rajputana, and rare in the Deccan. It affects only 
the larger tanks and jheels, keeping in the middle; it is a very 
wary bird, taking wing at the first sign of danger, and flying 
up and down well out of shot, and is consequently not often found 
in the sportsman’s bag. In tanks and jheels not much shot over ; 
of course, it is much less wary. 
Fuligula ferina, Lin. 
968.—Aythya ferina, Lin.—Jerdon’s Birds of India, Vol. II, 
p. 812; Butler, Guzerat ; Stray Feathers, Vol. IV, p. 30 ; Deccan, 
Stray Feathers, Vol. IX, p. 438; Murray’s Vertebrate Zoology 
of Sind, p. 306 ; Game Birds of India, Vol. III, p. 247 ; Swinhoe 
and Barnes, Central India; Ibis, 1885, p. 188. 
THE RED-HEADED POCHARD. 
Length, 17:25 to 185; expanse, 28°75 to 32:2; wing, 7°9 to 
85; tail, 2:2 to 3:2; tarsus, 1:4 to 1°5; bill from gape, 2 to 2:27; 
weight, 145, to 2,5 lbs. 
Bill bluish-grey, the tip and base black; irides orange-yellow ; 
legs and feet bluish-grey. 
Male, head and neck bright chesnut-red ; upper part of the 
back black ; middle and lower back, wing-coverts, and scapulars, 
