64 LAND-BIRDS AND GAME-BIRDS 
(Common here, in spring and autumn, in certain localities. 
In Massachusetts a few pass the summer, and a few the winter.) 
(a). About six inches long. Above, ashy blue. Outer tail- 
feathers, black with white patches. Wings marked with the 
same colors. Under tail-coverts tinged with “trusty.” Other 
under parts and sides of the head (even above the eyes), white. 
Crown and nape, black (in young and 9s, impure, restricted, 
or wanting). 
(6). The nest and eggs correspond closely to those of the 
chickadee (§ 4, I, A, 6), but the latter are larger, averaging *80 
x °60 of an inch, and are rather coarsely spotted with (reddish-) 
brown and purplish. Four or five are said to constitute the 
usual set, but at what time they are laid in Massachusetts I 
am uncertain. 
(c). The White-bellied Nuthatches are abundant in but a 
few parts of New England. In Eastern Massachusetts they 
are less rare in spring and autumn than in the other seasons ; 
but only a few breed or ‘pass the winter here. As it seems to 
be advisable to quote from Wilson a full description of some 
bird’s habits, to show the usual style of that author, I shall 
here repeat his remarks about these birds. After describing 
their appearance, their non-identity with the European Nut- 
hatch, and their nest and eggs, he writes as follows :— 
‘The male is extremely attentive to the female while sitting, 
supplying her regularly with sustenance, stopping frequently 
at the mouth of the hole, calling and offering her what he has 
brought, in the most endearing manner. Sometimes he seems 
to stop merely to enquire how she is, and to lighten the tedious 
moments with his soothing chatter. He seldom rambles far 
from the spot, and when danger appears, regardless of his own 
safety, he flies instantly to alarm her. When both are feeding 
on the trunk of the same tree, or of adjoining ones, he is per- 
petually calling on her; and from the momentary pause he 
makes it is plain that he feels pleased to hear her reply. 
‘*The White-breasted Nuthatch is common almost every 
where in the woods of North America; and may be known at 
a distance by the notes guank, quank, frequently repeated, as 
