272 LAND-BIRDS AND GAME-BIRDS 
in the neighborhood of Philadelphia, and I have the body of 
one procured there by himself in October, 1836.” 
(d). The cry of the Canada Jays seemed to Mr. Samuels 
like that of the Blue Jay, to Mr. Maynard, like that of the 
lynx. These birds have also a low chatter, but their notes 
vary, like those of their familiar relatives, though not, so far 
as I know, ever imitative. 
§19. The Tyrannid@ (or true flycatchers) are the sole 
North American representatives of the Clamatores,®9 and in 
turn are themselves represented only by the Tyrannine or 
typical flycatchers. (With the exception of the Pyrocephali) 
they are characterized as follows. Sexes alike in coloration ; 
colors plain, being green, brown, or gray, usually olive-tinted, 
yellow and white. Birds, subcrested, or with erectile crown- 
feathers. Bill about one third as deep as long, but half as 
wide, conspicuously hooked, notched, and bristled (PI. I, figs. 
20,21) ; mandibles rather thin and hollow ; tarsi scutellate as al- 
ready described ; primaries ten, tail-feathers twelve. (Fig. 15.) 
The flycatchers are eminently insectivorous and migratory, 
though some species feed partly upon berries, and migrate quite 
late in the fall. They are, as a rule, rather pugnacious, and 
are never gregarious. They rarely touch the ground, though 
not possessed of much power of flight. They are, however, 
admirably clever on the wing, and, darting from their posts 
of observation into the air, often snap up several insects at a 
time, and with distinct clicks of the bill. They are extremely 
energetic, and often show it in their indefinably characteristic 
voice, which, though never strictly musical, is yet pleasing and 
striking. The Great Crested Flycatchers build their nests in 
the hollows of trees, and the Pewees about buildings or on 
rocks; but the others build their nests (varying in neatness) 
in bushes or trees. The eggs are four or five, and white, 
creamy, or buff, in most cases unmarked or spotted with brown 
and lilac. 
89 See beginning of Chapter I. 
