284 LAND-BIRDS AND GAME-BIRDS 
V. EMPIDONAX 
(A) trai. Traill’s Flycatcher. 
(Rare in Eastern Massachusetts ; most common in the latter 
part of May.) 
(a). Six inches long, or less. Tail, even; crown-feathers, 
erectile, dark-centred ; bill, not black. Above, dark olive- 
green, usually tinged with brown. Beneath, white, shaded 
with the color of the back on the sides, with grayish on the 
breast, and with yellow behind. Eye-ring, and two wing-bars, 
(yellowish) white. 
(b). The nest of this species is usually placed, not far from 
the ground, in a swamp 
or near a brook, and fre- 
quently in an alder-bush. 
It is composed of grasses, 
stalks of weeds, and nar- 
row strips of barks. Sevy- 
eral eggs which I obtained 
among the White Moun- 
tains average about ‘65 X 
‘50 of an inch, and are 
creamy, or pale buff, with 
a few dots of reddish- 
brown at the larger end. 
Dr. Brewer describes oth- 
ers as white, ‘‘marked al- 
most entirely about the larger end with larger and well-de- 
fined spots and blotches of purplish-brown.” 
(c). The Traill’s Flycatchers are common summer-residents 
in many parts of northern New England, and of Western Mas- 
sachusetts, but near Boston they are very rare. They are 
most common in the latter part of May, when they may occa- 
sionally be seen in copses, thickets, and swampy woodland. 
They are then migrating, and are often entirely silent. Nearly 
all pass on to the northward. Among the White Mountains, 
they frequent wet woodland, sheltered water-courses, and bushy, 
Fig. 15. Traill’s Flycatcher (3). 
