; 
THE WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW. 309 
DESCRIPTION. 
Above olivaceous-brown; beneath white; the breast and sides of body yellowish- 
brown, obsoletely streaked with plumbeous; sides of head and body, a central stripe 
on the head above, a maxillary stripe, and indistinct longitudinal streaks on the 
breast, ashy-brown; the sides and the breast tinged with yellowish; the maxillary 
stripe cuts off a white one above it; a superciliary stripe is bright-yellow anterior to 
the eye, and plumbeous above and behind it; edge of wing yellow; bill blue. 
Length, about six inches; wing, two and fifty one-hundredths inches. 
This bird’s habits and distribution are the same as those 
of the preceding species, as also are the nests and eggs, 
which are impossible of identification when placed side by 
side. 
ZONOTRICHIA, SwAtnson. 
Zonotrichia, SWATNSON, Fauna Bor. Am., II. (1831). (Type Emberiza leucophrys.) 
Body rather stout; bill conical, slightly notched, somewhat compressed, excavated 
inside; the lower mandible rather longer than the upper; gonys slightly convex; 
commissure nearly straight; feet stout; tarsus rather longer than middle toe; the 
lateral toes very nearly equal; hind toe longer than the lateral ones, their claws just 
reaching to base of middle one; inner claw contained twice in its toe proper; claws 
all slender and considerably curved; wings moderate, not reaching to the middle of 
the tail, but beyond the rump; secondaries and tertials equal and considerably less 
than longest primaries; second and third quills longest; ,first about equal to the fifth, 
much longer than tertials; tail rather long, moderately rounded; the feathers not 
very broad; back streaked; rump and under parts immaculate; head black, or with 
white streaks, entirely different from the back. 
ZONOTRICHIA LEUCOPHRYS, — Swainson. 
The White-crowned Sparrow. 
Emberiza leucophrys, Forster. Philos. Trans., LXII. (1772) 382,426. Wils. Am. 
Omn., IV. (1811) 49. . 
Fringilla (Zonotrichia) leucophrys, Swainson. F. B. Am., II. (1831) 255. 
Fringilla leucophrys, Audubon. Orn. Biog., II. (1884) 88; V. 515. 
DESCRIPTION. 
Head above, upper half of loral region from the bill, and a narrow line through 
and behind the eye to the occiput, black; a longitudinal patch in the middle of the 
erown, and a short line from above the anterior corner of the eye, the two confluent 
on the occiput, white; sides of the head, fore part of breast, and lower neck all 
~ound, pale-ash, lightest beneath and shading insensibly into the whitish of the belly 
and chin; sides of belly and under tail coverts tinged with yellowish-brown; inter- 
scapular region streaked broadly with dark chestnut-brownish ; edges of the tertiaries 
prownish-chestnut; two white bands on the wing. 
