bo 
wt 
CORVUS. 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. The whole plumage very glossy black, the feathers 
of the hind neck firm and with glistening shafts. 
Colours of soft parts. Iris brown; legs and bill shining black. 
Measurements. Length about 500 mm.; wing about 330 to 
350 mm.; tail about 190 mm.; culmen about 58 to 60 mm.; 
tarsus about the same. 
The Eastern Carrion-Crow differs from the Common Carrion- 
Crow in being decidedly bigger, a more glossy blwe-biack in colour 
and in having the outer tail-feathers more graduated. 
Distribution. Siberia from the Yenesei to Japan, south to 
Central Asia, Afghanistan, Eastern Persia, Kashmir, Tibet and 
N. China. Whitehead found it common in the Upper Kurram 
Valley. 
Nidification. The Eastern Carrion-Crow is resident where 
found, but within Indian limits very little has been recorded 
about its history. It nests in the Kurram Valley, whence W hite- 
head sent me eggs, and also in Kashmir, from which State I have 
received others. It builds in trees and very often near villages 
or buildings, laying three to five eggs, which cannot be dis- 
tinguished from those of the Common Carrion-Crow. 
Habits. The Carrion-Crow is found up to 1,400 feet and higher 
during the hot weather but certainly breeds as low as 5,000 feet. 
In the winter it descends much lower and it was obtained by 
Magrath at Bannu. From its superficial resemblance to the 
Common Jungle-Crow it is possibly often overlooked and it may 
prove to be not uncommon in the plains in the extreme north- 
west of India. In Kashmir it is not rare but haunts the wilder 
parts of the country, thoagh on the Afghanistan and Baluchistan 
frontier 1t is, according to Whitehead, generally found in the 
neighbourhood of villages and mankind. 
Its voice is the usual croak of its tribe and its food is as 
omnivorous as that of the western bird. 
Corvus coronoides. 
THE JUNGLE-CROW. 
Our Indian Jungle-Crows have hitherto been known by the 
name of macrorhynchus, a name which really applies to their 
Javan cousin, but they are merely races of the Australian J ungle- 
Crow, and must therefore be known specifically by the name 
coronoides, though they form several well-defined subspecies. 
Key to Subspecies. 
A. Wing about 305mm., billabout GOmm.. C. e. levaillanti, p. 27. 
x Wing about 290mm., bill about 56mm. . C. e. eulminatus, p. 28. 
. Wing about 530mm. 
x ill about 60 mm., more slender...... 7. c. intermedius, p. 28. 
h Bill about 65 mm, more massive .... C.c. andamanensis, p. 29. 
