84 PARID®. 
thick, over which is placed a mass of fur, hair or wool. The eggs 
number from four to ten and are white with spots of bright 
brownish red. Typically they are longer ovals than are the eggs 
of the genus Parus and one hundred eggs average 15:7 x 11-7 mm, 
They are said to generally rear two broods. 
Habits. This little Tit is extremely common over the Western 
Himalayas, being found up to 12,000 feet in summer and down to 
2,000 feet in winter, perhaps even lower. It goes about in flocks 
of some dozen or more birds and is very partial to oak forest when 
not too thick. It is said by Adams often to associate with 
Cephalopyrus flammiceps. 
(64) Lophophanes ater emodius. 
THe HimaLayan Corz-Tr. 
Parus emodius Hodgs., Blyth, J. A. S. B., xiii, p. 948 (1844) (Nepal). 
Lophophanes emodius. Blant. & Oates, 1, p. 58. 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Forehead, crown, crest, lores, sides cf the head 
and nape, chin, throat and sides of the neck black; cheeks, ear- 
coverts and a nape-patch white; upper plumage and exposed parts 
of wings and tail bluish ashy ; the rump tinged with ferruginous ; 
the median and greater coverts tipped with white, forming two 
wing-bars ; the inner and a few of the outer secondaries minutely 
tipped with white; lower plumage, axillaries and under wing- 
coverts ferruginous, 
Colours of soft parts. Iris dark brown; legs leaden grey ; bill 
black (Blanford). 
Measurements. Total length about 105 mm., wing 69 to 61 mm. ; 
tail about 40 mm.; tarsus about 17 mm.; culmen about 6 mm. 
Distribution. Nepal and Sikkim. 1t extends into the South of 
Tibet as I have had a skin sent me of a bird caught on the nest in 
the Chambi Valley. 
Nidification. A bird sent me with some eggs was caught on its 
nest in a hole of an oak-tree at between 10,000 and 11,000 feet 
elevation. The nest was all of rat fur, a well matted pad fitting 
into the bottom of the hollow. The eggs are indistinguishable 
from those of the European Cole-Tit and measure about 17-9 x 
12-9mm. The nest was taken on the 13th June. 
Habits. Thisis a bird of high elevation from 6,000 feet upwards, 
ascending as high as 12,000 feet at least. 
(65) Lophophanes rubidiventris. 
Tuer RvUFoUs-BELLIED CRESTED Trt. 
Parus rubidiventris Blyth, J. A. S. B., xvi, p. 445 (1847) (Nepal). 
Lophophanes rubidiventris. Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 58. 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
