LOPHOPHANES, 85 
Description. Cheeks, ear-covers, sides of the neck and a large 
nuchal spot white, remainder of head and neck dark brown or 
blackish, but more the deep black of melanolophus ; upper plumage 
olive-brown; the wings and tail brown, with bluish-ashy edges 
and the upper tail-coverts tipped with fulvous; lower plumage 
and under wing-coverts ferruginous, 
Colours of soft parts. Iris dark brown; bill black; legs and 
feet plumbeous-brown. 
Measurements. Total length about 115 mm. ; wing 60 to63 mm. ; 
tail about 42 to 43 mm. ; tarsus about 18 mm.; culmen about 8 mm. 
Distribution. Nepal and ‘“‘N.W. Himalayas.” The latter 
locality is given for some specimens in the Pinwill Collection, 
and may refer to Kumaon. 
Nidification and Habits. Nothing recorded. 
Lophophanes rufonuchalis, 
Key to Subspecies. 
A. Upper and lower breast black and abdomen [nuchalis, p. 85. 
SIR EO IMO e fore oo) siacS ofete hele reueeiancee cichel 2) os. L. rufonuchalis rufo- 
B. Upper breast black ; lower breast and abdo- 
VAG EASY OMVEN, oa, shay eis apa. = 4 nse ein oh oo. LL. beavant, p. 86. 
~ (66) Lophophanes rufonuchalis rufonuchalis. 
THe Simyia Buack-Trr. 
Parus rufonuchalis Blyth, J. A. S. B., xviii, p. 810 (1849) (Simla). 
Lophophanes rufonuchalis. Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 58, 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Ear-coverts, under the eye and a stripe down the 
neck white; remainder of head and neck, breast and a broad band 
down the abdomen black; uuchal spot white, tinged with ferru- 
ginous next the back; upper plumage olive-green ; lower abdomen 
and sides of the body ashy-olive; under tail-coverts and axillaries 
chestnut ; under wing-coverts pale fulvous. 
Colours of soft parts. Iris dark brown; legs, feet and bill black. 
Measurements. Length about 130 mm.; wing 73 to 77 mmn.; tail 
about 55 mm.; tarsus nearly 20 mm.; culmen about 10 mm. 
The young have the black replaced with brown and the chestnut 
with pale rufous. 
Distribution. Turkestan and Afghanistan and N.W. Himalayas 
to Garhwal. 
Nidification. Mr. L. L. Whymper is the only collector who has 
ever found this bird’s nest. He writes :— 
“T found this bird fairly common at 10,000 feet and upwards 
in the Bhaghirattie Valley, where Brooks got a nest with young 
