land 
LOPHOPHANES. 87 
(68) Lophophanes dichrous dichrous. 
Toe Brown Crestep Tir. 
Parus dichrous Hodgs., Blyth, J. A. S. B., xiii, p. 495 (1844) (Nepal). 
Lophophanes dichrous. Blant. & Oates, 1, p. 59. 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Upper plumage brownish grey ; the wing-feathers 
‘very narrowly edged with hoary grey; forehead and sides of 
the head fulvous mottled with brown; a half collar round the 
hind-neck, interrupted at the nape, cream-colour; chin and 
throat fulvous grey ; lower plumage ochraceous. 
Colour of soft parts. Bill dusky bluish; feet plumbeous; iris 
brick-red (Jerdon). 
Measurements. Length about 115 mm.; wing about 65 to 
71mm.; tail about 55 mm.; tarsus about 18 mm.; culmen about 
11 mm. 
Distribution. Himalayas; South Kashmir, Garhwal, Nepal and 
Sikkim. 
Nidification. The nest of this Tit was taken by Mr. B. B. 
Osmaston in the Tons Valley first with the young in 1894 and 
finally with eggs in 1899. The nests are described as pads otf 
moss with a lining of fur placed in small holes in pear and other 
trees. They were taken at an elevation between 8,000 and 
10,000 feet in April and May. The eggs are described as ‘‘ white, 
spotted and blotched fairly thickly all over with chestnut markings.” 
They measured *67 x°51 in. (=17:0 X 13:0 mm.). 
The nest with eggs was placed in a natural hole in a rotten 
branch of a pear-tree beside the Chakrata—Simla road and in 1917 
a second nest with five eggs was taken near Chakrata similar to 
the other but lined with hair. This too contained five eggs 
measuring *69 x ‘50 in. (=20°0 x 12-7 mm.). 
Habits. Those of the genus. 
+. (69) Lophophanes dichrous welisi. 
Tue Yunnan Brown CreEstep Tit. 
Lophophanes dichrous wellsi Stuart Baker, Bull. B. O. C., xxxviii, 
p. 8 (1917) (W. Yunnan, Yangtse big bend). 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. This form differs from both L. d. dichrous and 
L. d. dichroides in being much darker above and paler below, more 
buff than rufous. The head and back are practically concolorous 
and do not contrast, a distinctive feature in the latter race. 
Dimensions and colours of soft parts as in L. d. dichrous. 
Distribution. Yunnan and N. Shan States. 
Nidification and Habits. Nothing recorded. 
