164 TIMALIID®. 
shaped nests of leaves, bracken, ferns and grass with a thin 
lining of roots and fine grass. Outwardly the nests measure 
about 6 inches in diameter by 3 inches in depth, and are placed 
low down in thick bushes or tangled undergrowth in forests. 
The eggs, two or three in number, are pale bright Thrush-egg 
blue-green in colour, dotted and blotched sparsely at the larger 
end with dark brownish red. In shape they are rather long ovals 
and in texture smooth and fine with but little gloss. Fourteen 
eggs average 29°2 x 21°3 mm, 
Habits. This bird, and indeed most of this genus, is much less 
noisy than those of the genus Garrulax, and though sometimes 
found in small flocks, is not so invariably gregarious, often wander- 
ing about in pairs. They keep up a continuous conversational 
chatter, interrupted with louder calls, some of which are quite 
mellow andsweet. They feed almost entirely on the ground itself 
or in the lower undergrowth in forests, and take to wing only 
when forced to do so. They are both insectivorous and eat small 
seeds. 
(149) Trochalopterum erythrocephalum erythrolema. 
Humes Rep-HEapED LavuGuHine-THRUSH. 
Trochalopterum erythrolema Hume, 8. F., x, p. 153 (1881) (Matchi, 
S. Manipur) ; Blanf. & Oates, 1, p. 90. 
Trochalopterum holerythrops Rippon, Bull. B. O. C., xiv,p. 85 (1904) 
(Chin Hills). 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Differs from the last in having the lores and point 
of chin dusky brown; the chin aud throat chestnut like the 
crown ; the breast chestnut and the centre of the abdomen ferru- 
ginous. The forehead is tinged with grey. 
Colours of soft parts as in the last bird. 
Measurements. Length about 250 to 260 mm. ; wing about 91 to. 
95 mm.; tail about 110 to 115mm. ; culmen 19 to 21 mm. ; tarsus 
27 mm. 
Distribution. East Manipur and Chin Hills. 
Nidification. The nest and eggs cannot be distinguished from 
755 
those of the last bird. Twenty-two eggs average 29:9 x 20°5 mm. 
(150) Trochalopterum erythrocephalum nigrimentum. 
Tue Sikkim Rep-HEADED LAUGHING-THRUSH. 
Trochalopterum nigrimentum Oates, Blanf. & Oates, Avifauna B. I., 
i, p. 91 (1889) (Nepal) (ex Hodgson MS.).= $1} K Ki-m 
Vernacular names. Zarphom-pho (Lepcha); Paniong (Bhutea). 
Description. Similar to 7. erythrocephalum, but the forehead is 
rufous with black shafts and the anterior portion of the crown 
deep grey, each feather black in the centre; the ear-coverts are 
