CRINIGER. 361 
ct, Crest ample and covering whole 
crown. 
e°. Tail very slightly rounded, the 
outer feather falling short of 
the tip of the tail by less than , 
the leneth of the hind toe .. Morpasrrs, p. 381. 
hl 5, Tail oveatly roumdedos...+..- XANTHIXUS, p. 392. 
. Crest thin and confined to centre 
of crown. 
gy’. Feathers of back with soft shafts Orocompsa, P- BO4. 
he Feathers of back with rigid, [p. 399. 
SPUMOUS) SHALES s Vs aeera el wet clet PINAROCICHLA, 
6", Nostrils nearly concealed by thick 
plumeletsi ess: sc. ee gaa Bh oe . Spizrxus, p. 400. 
d', Crest inconspicuous or entirely absent. 
ce’, Upper tail-coverts not reaching to 
middle of tail. 
. Feathers of crown and forehead 
shontram@ustithe + opis ese eels ; Tracuycomus, p.402. 
d'’, Feathers of crown and forehead 
longer and soft. 
e'. Bill about # length of head, com- 
pressed and sharply carinate ..  [oxn, p. 403. 
fj‘. Billabout3 length of head, neither 
much compressed nor carinate. 
g Plumage not squamated .... Pycnonortvs, p. 410. 
A’. Plumage squamated ...... .. Rusrieura, p. 409. 
Upper tail-coverts reaching nearly to 
ONC OR LAT Ss cube ne wader e athe te MicroTARSUS, p. 422. 
d, Feathers on sides of crown and over ear- 
coverts long and pointed, contrasting with 
the rounded feathers of forehead ...... KELAARTIA, p. 426. 
Genus CRINIGER Temm., 1820. 
The genus Criniger may be kuown from all the other Bulbuls 
by the presence of a long pointed crest and numerous very long 
hairs springing from the nape and hind neck. ‘Che tails of all the 
Indian and Burmese species are, moreover, rufous, a character 
shared by few other Bulbuls. 
= 
SS 
SS 
Fig. 71.—Head of C. ¢. flaveolus. 
In Cringer the bill is strong and about half the length of the 
head and the culmen is curved throughout ; the rictal bristles are 
well developed. The wing is blunt; the tail short and-rounded 
and the tarsus short but very strong. The plumage is very soft. 
