CRINIGER. 363 
were already hard-set. The nests, which were taken in dense forest 
in amongst the heaviest undergrowth, were placed in low bushes on 
the banks of, or close to, forest streams. They were bulky cups 
of leaves, roots, twigs, moss etc. with a thick lining of bamboos, 
inside which again there was a true lining of roots both fine and 
coarse. The eggs, two’in number in each case except once when 
there were three, are very beautiful. The ground-colour varies 
from a pale wine-coloured pink to the deepest salmon and the 
whole surface is more or less covered with blotches, smudges and 
a few spots and scrawls of deep bright red. The surface is 
intensely glossy, the shell hard and fine and in shape they are 
rather long ovals, generally well pointed at the smaller end. 
Nine eggs average 25:2 x 18°5 mm. 
Habits. Similar to those of the better-known C. t. flaveolus 
from the Sub-Himalayas. They are birds of dense evergreen 
forests at low levels, go about in small flocks in the non-breeding 
season and are very noisy birds. They keep much to the lower 
trees and undergrowth. 
(380) Criniger tephrogenys flaveolus. 
Tun Inpian Wurrn-THroarep BULBUL. 
Trichophorus flaveolus Gould, P.Z.S., 1836, p. 6 (India) (Cachar). 
Criniger flaveolus. Blanf. & Oates, 1, p. 255. 
Vernacular names. Kussap-cechiop-pho (Lepcha); Dao-balip- 
gurrmo-didi (Cachar1). 
Description. Differs from the last in having the upper plumage 
more green, the edges of the feathers being distinctly olive-green; 
the lower surface is a bright yellow, the chin and upper throat 
alone being white; there is a white supercilium always present 
. and sometimes quite conspicuous. 
Colours of soft parts. Irides deep red; bill pale greyish blue, 
gape and mouth still paler; legs greyish-horny, pale bluish-horny 
or fleshy-grey. 
Measurements. Total length about 210 to 220 mm.; wing 88 to 
96 mm.; tail about 83mm.; tarsus about 18 to 20 mm.; culmen 
17 to 18 mm. 
Distribution. The Sub-Himalayas from Garhwal and Nepal, 
where it is apparently very rare, to the Hast of Assam, North and 
South of the Brahmaputra, Manipur and Tippera. 
Nidification. This fine Bulbul breeds in some numbers in all 
the ranges of hills south of Assam from 1,000 feet, or even lower, 
to above 5,000 feet. At first 1 took most of my nests at higher 
elevations but later, when I knew the bird’s habits better, I found 
it extremely common below 2,000 feet and many nests were 
taken in the ever-wet, deep forests of the lower valleys. They 
were almost always placed near running water and a favourite 
