390 FYCNONOTID 2. 
with white; lower plumage pale earthy-brown, whitish on the ab- 
domen ; lower tail-coverts bright sul phur-yellow ; edge of wing white. 
Colours of soft parts. Iris brown or hazel; bill black; legs and 
feet brown to blackish brown, occasionally with a plumbeous shade. 
Measurements. Length about 200 mm.; wing 80 to 93 mm.; tail 
about 85 mm.; tarsus about 20 mm.; culmen about 14 to 16 mm. 
Distribution. The Himalayas from Afghanistan and the extreme 
North-West to Bhutan and the hills of Assam, North of the 
Brahmaputra as far East as the Dihang River, whence I have had 
specimens sent me for identification. 
Nidification. The White-cheeked Bulbul breeds from May to 
July at all heights from 2,500 to 7,000 feet, making a nest very 
similar to that of the Red-vented birds but generally less solid and 
well-built and decidedly smaller. It is made of the usual materials, 
grass, leaves, fine twigs and stems of plants mixed with odd scraps 
of moss, lichen and roots and lined either with fine roots or grass, 
It is placed low down in a bush or small tree, seldom more than 
5 or 6 feet above the ground and sometimes within a foot of 
it. The site selected may be either in a garden or a compound or 
in light jungle and low scrub. 
The eggs are similar to those of the last species but, perhaps, 
average longer in shape and duller in tint and markings. 100 
average 21°6 x 16-1 min. and the extremes in length and breadth 
are 24°6 x 16°8, 24:0 x 18°0 and 19°0x15:°2 mm. The full clutch 
is either three or four eggs, more often the former. 
Habits. Though found constantly wherever there are villages 
and cultivation, this Bulbul is oceasionally found haunting nullahs 
and ravines which are comparatively well-wooded. This is 
especially the case round about Mussoorie. It is found at all 
heights from 2,500 up to 7,500 feet and even higher than this 
near Simla, w here Mr. iP: Dodsw orth took many nests. 
Fig. 78.—Head of M. 7. leucotis. 
(406) Molpastes leucogenys leucotis. 
Toe WHiItr-KARED BULBOL. 
Ivos leucotis Gould, P. Z.S., 1836, p. 6 (India orientali) (restricted 
to Punjab). 
Molpastes leucotis, Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 273. 
Vernacular names. Aangdhara (Beng.); Kushandra or Kun- 
shanbra (Punjab) ; Bhooroo (Sind). 
