RUBIGULA. 409 
Habits. Davison remarks :— Occurs only at the Nicobars, 
where it is comparatively common; it keeps to the forest gener- 
ally, but is also found in gardens, in the secondary jungle, and not 
infrequently in places where there are only a few scattered 
bushes; it is usually seen singly, in pairs, or in sinall parties of 
five or six; but I have seen them on several ovcasions in flocks 
of nearly a hundred. They have a chattering note, very similar 
to the other ypsipetes, and when they are in flocks they make 
nearly as much noise as a flock of Mynas settling down for 
the night.” 
e 
Genus RUBIGULA Blyth, 1515." Veg yg, p28, vor 
ee eae ne, Bae Ea i) 
he genus [ubigula contains species of small Bulbuls of hand- ; s. Ww 
some appearance with squamated piumage. The bill is broader /p¢ 5 
than high and shorter than the tarsus; the rictal bristles are 
strongly developed and the nostrils are exposed and not hidden 
by bristles. The tail is well graduated. 
The only member of the genus found within our limits is a 
geographical race of Rubigula squamata of Java. 
<a -e 
(424) Rubigula squamata webberi. 
Wesser’s BuLBut. 
Ixidia webbert Hume, S. F., viii, p. 40 (1879) (Tonka). 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Head and neck black ; back golden olive, shading 
into golden yellow on the upper tail-coverts ; tail black with a 
broad diagonal white band on the end of the outer tail-feathers, 
decreasing in extent inwardly on each succeeding pair; visible 
portions of the wing like the back but greater coverts edged with 
brighter yellow; quills and bastard wing black ; below, throat and 
sides of neck white, with tiny black striz ; breast and flanks 
black with white edges, giving a beautiful squamated appearance 
to these parts; centre of abdomen white; under tail-coverts deep 
bright yellow. 
Colours of soft parts. [rides deep red ; bill brownish black ; 
legs and feet plumbeous brown. 
Measurements. Total length about 150 mm.; wing 73 to 
76 mm.; tail about 60 to 65 mm.; tarsus about 15 mm.; culmen 
about 14 mm. 
Distribution. Peninsular Burma and Siam, throughout Malay 
Peninsula to Sumatra. 
Nidification and Habits. Practically nothing recorded. 
