PYCNONOTUS. 417 
Colours of soft parts. Iris dark brown, dark plumbeous slate 
and grey-brown ; bill black; legs and feet very dark plumbeous, 
’ 
claws horny-brown, sometimes almost black. 
Measurements. ‘l'otal length about 165 mm.; wing 68 to 
78 mm.; tail about 66 mm.; tarsus about 15 mm.; culmen 12 
to 13 mm. 
Distribution. Peninsular Burma and Siam to Sumatra. 
Nidification. Nest and eggs collected by Mr. W. A. T. Kellow 
near Taiping in the Federated Malay States are just like small 
ones of Otocompsa. The nests were all in low bushes and con- 
tained two or three eggs which measured about 20-4 x 15:4 mm. 
They seem to breed in April, May and June. 
Habits. Davison found them either singly or in pairs on the 
outskirts of forest or in deserted clearings. He remarks :—‘‘ They 
live, so far as have been observed, entirely upon small berries of 
various sorts. They are rather shy, and on being alarmed beat a 
hasty retreat to the forest and other dense cover. Their note is 
a sharp, lively chirrup.” Mr. Kellow found them very common 
about Taiping and apparently took many nests there. 
(433) Pycnonotus luteolus. 
Toe Wuirt-BrowEep BULBUL. 
Hematornis luteolus Less., Rev. Zool., 1840, p. 354 (India, Bombay). 
Pycnonotus luteolus. Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 290. 
Vernacular names. Poda-pigli (Tel.); Guluguluwa (Ceylon). 
Description. Upper plumage dull olive-green, tinged with ashy 
on the head and with fulvous on the rump and upper tail-coverts ; 
wings and tail brown, washed with green on the outer webs of the 
feathers ; front of forehead, a broad streak from the nostril over 
the eye and partly over the ear-coverts and an indistinct ring 
round the eye, white; lores mingled black and white; a stripe 
from the base of the lower mandible and the point of the chin 
yellow ; lower plumage ashy, tinged and faintly striped with 
pale yellow, the breast washed with brown; vent and under tail- 
coverts pale yellow; under wing-coverts and edge of wing yellow. 
Colours of soft parts. Iris blood-red; bill blackish or horny- 
black ; legs dark plumbeous. 
Measurements. Length about 200 mm.; wing 72 to 89 mm.; 
tail about 80 to 85 mm.; tarsus about 22 mm.; culmen 15 to 
17 mm. 
Ceylon birds are certainly smaller than those from India; the 
wings run from 72 to 83, rarely to 85 mm., those from Travyan- 
core northwards measure from 85 to 8¥ mm. I can see no 
corresponding variation in colour and as they overlap in measure- 
ments, these alone seem hardly well-defined enough to constitute 
a separate subspecies. 
ViOlis le ZE 
