PYCNONOTUS., 419 
(434) Pycnonotus plumosus plumosus. 
Tus Lare@x Onive Bursun. 
Pycnonotus plumosus Blyth, J. A.S. B., Xlv, p. 567 (1845) (Singa- 
pore); Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 292. 
Vernacular names. None recorded. 
Description. Forehead and crown dark greyish brown, each 
feather margined with olive-green; wings and tail dark brown, 
the outer webs of the feathers washed with bright olive-green ; 
lores dark brown; cheeks and chin dull w hity-brown ; ear-coverts 
dark brown with silvery-white shafts; lower plumage ashy- 
brown, slightly mottled and streaked ‘with dull ochraceous ; 
under wing- and tail-coverts and edge of wing brighter ochra- 
ceous. 
Colours of soft parts. [ris burnt sienna-brown to dark cinnabar- 
red; bill almost black; legs and feet reddish brown, darker in 
some, paler in others (4Zume). 
Measurements. Length about 190 to 200 mm.:; wing 78 to 
89 mm.; tail about 84 mm.; tarsus about 19 to 20 mm.; culmen 
about 15 to 16 mm. 
Distribution. It is extremely difficult to define the boundaries 
between this bird and the next, P. p. robinsoni. It appears that 
the present bird is found in the South of the Malay Peninsula in 
Johore, Pahang, Perak, Keda and thence up the West coast of 
Tenasserim as far North as Tenasserim Town and also in Sumatra 
and Borneo, whilst Robinson’s Bulbul works North from Patani 
up the East coast. 
Nidification. Nests taken by Davison, Kellow and Waterstradt 
were of the ordinary Bulbul type built low down in bushes generally 
in thin forest, sometimes in fairly dense forest but not, apparently ; 
in cultivated and village areas. ‘The eggs are two or three in 
number, most often the former, and one clutch in the Waterstradt 
collection was a five, but this must be quite exceptional. The 
eges are like those of the rest of the genus and it is doubtful it 
any of these can be distinguished from one another except, 
perhaps, by size. Ten eggs average about 22°0x 17-7 mm. but 
Davison’s eggs seem to be abnormally big. Six of my own only 
measure 21°8 x 16-1 mm. 
This speci.s breeds in February, March and April. 
Habits. This Bulbul is a bird of forests rather than of open 
country and Mr. Kellow informed me that he took the nests in 
almost impenetrable cane-brakes along streams in virgin forest. 
They are quite unobtrusive birds, keeping to the lower trees and 
bushes and having a chirping chatter, according to Davison, like 
that of Criniger. They feed chiefly on berries. 
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