140 AMONGST THE WOODLAND BIRDS— 
‘ chift is of the chiffchaff and the twitter- 
ings of the greenfinch could not be mistaken. 
The yellow-hammer seemed to say ‘ plenty 
of bread and butter, but no chee-ee-ee-se.’ 
When the wryneck favoured us little else 
could be distinguished. There was no doubt 
about the laughing ‘ glow, glou, glou, gluck’ 
of the green woodpecker, nor the noisy ‘ cheep, 
cheep, cheep, cheep, chirr-r-r-rr’ of the chaf- 
finch nor the plaintive ‘tee, tee, tee, tee’ of the 
hedge-sparrow. The ‘coo-oo’of the wood- 
pigeon was impulsive and distinct, but had 
to be distinguished from the ‘ turr, turr’ of 
the turtledove. The cuckoo could be heard 
half a mile away. To distinguish the swal- 
lows from the house-martins as they flew 
past, we waited till their backs were turned, 
when the pure white lower half of the back 
above the tail of the house-martin, and its 
shorter forked tail showed the difference. 
Most people have one name for both species, 
that is swallow. When the swallow’s tail is 
fully expanded a large white spot is seen on 
each tail feather (see Plate XLIII). These 
