Mr. Phillips of tliis Bureau has, 

 during two successive years, found 

 that unfertilized females wdll deposit 

 eggs and that these eggs will hatch 

 out larvae which develop to adult 

 insects. It is probable, however, 

 that these adults will be found to be 

 largely or all males. 



EFFECT ON THE STRAW. 



The effect on the straw of the work 

 of the joint-worm is exceedingly vari- 

 able. Sometimes a distortion occurs 

 like that illustrated in figure 4; at 

 other times the straw is bent or 

 twisted in almost every conceivable 

 shape ; again, there will be no enlarge- 

 ment of the straw whatever; or there 

 may be large galls or excrescences, as 

 it were, bursting out of the base of 

 the sheath at one side, some of these 

 abnormal growths having pseudo- 

 rootlets extending downward from 

 their lower extremity. Sometimes 

 the straw will make about normal 

 growth and the hardened sections will 

 be restricted to an inch or there- 

 abouts just above the lower joints; 

 and, again, the growth will not exceed 

 3 or 4 inches, often not heading at 

 all, or with aborted head and with 

 the straw galled or hardened to the 

 base of the head. In some cases 

 there is no outward indication of at- 

 tack whatever, the affected part be- 

 ing wholly inclosed in the sheath, and 

 when this last is removed the presence 

 of the cells is indicated only by a 

 slight discoloration, and frequently 

 by a few small, more or less irregu- 

 lar, elevated ridges. 



In thrashing the grain the hard- 

 ened portions of the straw, as shown 



in figure 5, break up into pieces of FiG.4.-0neeaect of the joint-worm in wheat 

 „ lip • 1. • 1 straw. (Author's illustration.) 



trom hair an inch to an inch or more 



[Cir. 06] 



