METHODS OF CONTROL. 



It should be remembered that all the holes found in a tree and all other 

 damage by the borer are not the work of one generation, but usuallj' 

 that of repeated annual attack during the life of the tree ; also that a 

 burrow in the sapwood of a 3'oung tree remains the same burrow in the 

 heartwood of the old tree, without change, as long as the tree exists, 

 except in the healing of the original entrance ; therefore the number of 

 borers and the annual amount of damage are not so great as the}' might 

 appear, and, while the females are capable of depositing a hundred eggs 

 each, only a small percentage of the larvse hatching from them survive 

 the bark-infesting stage or complete their development to adults. This 

 suggests that any method of management which will insure the destruc- 

 tion of a large percentage of the surviving larvae and beetles each year 

 will reduce the damage to a point where there will be practicallj' no loss. 



With our knowledge of the life history and habits of the insect, it is 

 now possible to make definite recommendations and suggestions for its 

 control. Some of those of immediate practical importance are as follows : 



TIME TO CUT LOCUST TO DESTROY THE YOUNG LARV.E. 



The cutting of locust for all purposes, including thinning operations 

 and for private or commercial use, should be done during the period 

 beginning with the 1st of October and ending with the 1st of April, the 

 bark removed from the crude product, such as posts, poles, and the 

 like, and the tops and thinnings burned. The removal of the bark 

 from all desirable portions of the trunks of the trees felled during this 

 period is important and necessar3% in order to destroy the larva? before 

 they enter the wood. The work in all cases should be completed before 

 the leaf buds begin to swell on the living trees in the spring. 



DESTRUCTION OK INFESTED TREES AND WCOD. 



When it is desirable simply to remove and destroy, bj' burning or 

 otherwise, the badly infested and damaged trees to kill the broods of 

 larvae, the work should be done in May and June, when all such trees 

 can be easily recognized by the boring dust, fading leaves, broken 

 branches, etc., but the work must be completed before the beetles begin 

 to emerge. Perhaps the best rule applicable to all localities, latitudes, 

 and elevations is to complete the work by the time the Howers have all 

 fallen from the trees, which will vary between different altitudes and 

 latitudes from about the middle of May to the last of June. Another 

 rule would be to complete the work before the earliest varieties of 

 golden-rod begin to show evidences of flowering. This, however, would 

 be the latest that the work should l)e done, because the beetles begin 

 to emerge by the time the first golden-rod flowers appear. 



