done in several instances, aH the work of heating, churning, etc., being accom- 

 pHshed by this means. 



The use of whale-oil soap, especially if the emulsion is to be kept for any 

 length of time, is strongly recommended, not only because the soap possesses 

 considerable insecticide value itself, but because the emulsion made with it is 

 more permanent, does not lose its creamy consistency, and is always easily 

 diluted, whereas with most of the other common soaps the mixture becomes 

 cheesy after a few days and needs reheating to mix with water. Soft soap 

 answers very well, and 1 quart of it may be taken in lieu of the hard soaps. 



In limestone regions or where the water is very hard some of the soap will 

 combine with the lime or magnesia in the water, and more or less of the oil will 

 be freed, especially when the emulsion is diluted. Before use, such water 

 should be broken with lye or rain water employed. * * * 



For use on locust trees dilute 1 gallon of emulsion with 2 gallons of 

 soft water. 



Pure kerosene and pure petroleum will effectually kill the insects, 

 but may do some damage to the bark of the trees. 



Experiments with carbolic emulsion indicate that this preparation is 

 of no value to kill the young larvae. 



DAMAGE TO CUT WOOD AND DANGER OF INTRODUCTION INTO NEW LOCALITIES. 



We have determined that after the borers have once entered the wood 

 they may complete their development in the cut and dry branches. 

 They will evidently do so, therefore, in posts or other material manu- 

 factured from trees cut between the first of May and the middle of 

 September. From this it is plain that locust should not be cut during 

 that period for any purpose except to destroy the borers, or, if it should 

 be necessary to cut it, the tops should be burned and the logs sub- 

 merged in ponds or streams for a few days before they are shipped or 

 manufactured. This is very important, both to prevent further damage 

 to the manufactured material by the borers remaining in the wood and 

 also to prevent the introduction of the insect into the Far West and 

 other sections of the country which are at present free from it. 



SELECTION OF LOCATIONS FOR EXTENSIVE PLANTINGS. 



The fact that there are many sections and localities of greater or 

 less extent within the natural home of the locust and its insect enemies 

 where, from some unknown cause, the tree grows to large size and old 

 age without perceptible injury from borers and other insects suggests 

 the importance of selecting such localities for any proposed extensive 

 operations in the line of artificial planting or utilization of natural 

 growth. It will be found, however, that no area of considerable extent, 

 even in such localities, is entirely free from this and other destructive 

 insect enemies, and that certain precautions and well-planned methods 

 of management with reference to their control will be necessary. 



