2. 
TURDIDA — REGULINA): KINGLETS. 259 
tail-coverts rather lighter, and mixed with bright chestnut-red. Wings like the back, with 
slightly paler edgings of the feathers. Middle tail-feathers like back, or rather darker, the rest 
blackish, with the basal half or more of their length bright chestnut-red, or orange-brown. 
Lores dusky; a whitish superciliary line. Chin, throat, and forebreast rich ultramarine blue, 
enclosing a bright chestnut throat-patch; the blue bordered behind by black, this again by 
chestnut mixed with white. Rest of under parts white, washed on the sides, lining of wings 
and under tail-coverts with pale fulvous. Bill and feet black. Q and young similar, the 
throat-markings imperfect. Length 5.75-6.00; wing 3.00; tail 2.25-2.50; bill 0.50; tarsus 
1.00; middle toe and claw 0.75. Alaska; a beautiful and interesting bird, widely distributed 
in the Old World. 
5. Subfamily RECULINA:: Kinglets and Wood-Wrens. 
The two genera to be here noticed are most readily distinguished by the simple colors of 
Phylloscopus, contrasted with the elegant colored crest of Regulus ; both genera include very 
diminutive birds not over five inches long. 
PHYLLO'SCOPUS. (Gr. @vAXov, phullon, a leaf; okomos, skopos, a watchman; as these 
birds peer about in the foliage.) Woov-Wrens. Bill shorter than head, slender, straight, 
depressed at base, compressed and notched at tip; nostrils exposed, though reached by the 
frontal feathers. Tarsus longer than middle toe and claw, booted or sometimes indistinctly 
seutellate; wings pointed, longer than tail; point formed by 38d and 4th quills; 5th much 
shorter, and 6th shorter still, 2d between 5th and 6th; spurious 1st primary very short, exposed 
less than 0.50. Tail about even. Size diminutive and coloration simple. Includes numerous 
(about 25) Old World species, one of them oecurring in Alaska. 
P. borea'lis. (Lat. borealis, northern; boreas, the north-wind.) KerNNicoTT’s WARBLER. 
Above, olive-green, clear, continuous, and nearly uniform, but rather brighter on the rump; 
quills and tail-feathers fuscous, edged externally with yellowish-green; a long yellowish super- 
ciliary stripe ; under parts yellowish-white, the linmg of wings and the flanks yellow; wings 
crossed with two yellowish bars, that across ends of greater coverts conspicueus, the other 
indistinct; bill dark brown, pale below ; feet and eyes brown. Length 4.75; extent 6.00; 
wing 2.25-2.50; tail 1.75-2.00; tarsus 0.70; middle toe and claw 0.55. Europe, Asia, and, 
in America, Alaska. 
REG/ULUS. (Lat. regulus, diminutive of rex, a king; kinglet.) KinGLetrs. Tarsus booted, 
very slender, longer than the middle toe and claw. Lateral toes nearly equal to each other. 
First quill of the wing spurious, its exposed portion less than half as long as the second. 
Wings pointed, longer than the tail, which is emarginate, with acuminate feathers. Bill 
shorter than the head, straight, slender, and typically Sylviine, not hooked at the end, well 
bristled at rictus, with the nostrils overshadowed by tiny feathers. Coloration olivaceous, 
paler or whitish below, with red, black, or yellow, or all three of these colors, on the head of 
the adult. There are about ten species, of Europe, Asia, and America. They are elegant and 
dainty little creatures, among the very smallest of our birds excepting the Hummers. They 
inhabit woodland, are very agile and sprightly, insectivorous, migratory, and highly musical. 
R. calen/dula. (Lat. calendula, a glowing little thing.) RuBy-CROWNED KINGLET. ¢ Q, 
adult: Upper parts greenish-olive, becoming more yellowish on the rump; wings and tail 
dusky, strongly edged with yellowish ; whole under parts dull yellowish-white, or yellowish- 
or greenish-gray (very variable in tone); wiugs crossed with two whitish bars, and inner sec- 
ondaries edged with the same. Edges of eyelids, lores, and extreme forehead, hoary whitish. 
A rich scarlet patch, partially concealed, on the crown. This beautiful ornament is apparently 
not gained until the second year, and there is a question whether it is ever present in the 
female. Bill and feet black. Length 4.10-4.50; extent 6.66-7.33: wing 2.00-2.33; tail 
1.75 ; bill 0.25; tarsus 0.75. Young for the first year (and @ ?): Quite like the adult, but 
