274 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PASSERES — OSCINES. 
Excepting some Old World forms of doubtful affinity, and the species of Anorthura proper, 
the Troglodytide are confined to America ; and if thus restricted are susceptible of better 
definition. About one hundred species or vagiggies are recognized, usually referred to about 
sixteen genera, most of which belong to tropical America, where the group reaches its maxi- 
mum development, — over twenty species of Campylorhynchus being deseribed, for instance. 
Of North American genera, Campylorhynchus, Catherpes and Salpinctes are confined to the 
West, and represent a section distinguished by the breadth of the tail-feathers, which widen 
toward the end. Species of all our other genera are common and familiar eastern birds, much 
alike in disposition, manners, and habits; the house wren typifies these. They are sprightly, 
fearless, and impudent little creatures, apt to show bad temper when they fancy themselves 
aggrieved by cats or people, or anything else that is big and unpleasant to them; they quarrel 
a good deal, and are particularly spiteful towards martins and swallows, whose homes they 
often invade and occupy. Their song is bright and hearty, and they are fond of their own 
musi¢e; when disturbed at it they make a great ado with noisy scolding. Part of them live in 
reedy swamps and marshes, where they hang astonishingly big globular nests, with a little hole 
in one side, on tufts of rushes, and lay six or eight dark colored eggs; the others nest any- 
where, in shrubbery, knotholes, hollow stumps, and other odd nooks. Nearly all are migratory; 
one is stationary ; one comes to us in the fall from the north, the rest in spring from the south. 
Insectivorous, and very prolific, laying several sets of eggs each season. Plainly colored, the 
browns being the usual colors; no red, blue, yellow, or green in any of our species. 
Analysis af Subfamilies, Genera, and Species. 
CAMPYLORHYNCHIN®. Feet not strictly laminiplantar, the lateral plates divided, or not perfectly fused in one. 
Tail broad, fan-shaped, the individual feathers widening toward the end. 
Very large; length about 8 inches. Tarsus decidedly scutellate behind. Lateral toes of equal lengths. 
Above streaked with white, below spotted with black. . .. . » oe es . « Campylorhynchus 
Black and white bars of tail chiefly on outer webs of the feathers - » « » «. «. C. Oramneicapiilus 63 
Black and white bars of tail chiefly on both webs of the feathers . . . . . . C.afinis 64 
Smaller, about 6.00 long. Tarsus scutellate behind. Lateral toes of unequal ipneehe. 
Salpinctes (S. obsoletus) 65 
Smaller, about 5.50 long. Tarsus scarcely scutellate behind. Lateral toes of unequal lengths 
Catherpes (C. mexicanus) 66, 67 
TROGLODYTIN®. Feet strictly laminiplantar, as usual in Oscines. Tail thin, with narrow parallel-edged 
feathers. Wings and tail more or less completely barred cross-wise. 
Large. Upper parts uniform in color, without streaks or bars; rump with concealed white spots. Belly 
unmarked ; a conspicuous superciliary stripe. 
Tail shorter or not longer than the wing, all the feathers brown, distinctly barred 
Thryothorus (T. ludovicianus) - 68, 69, 70 
Tail decidedly longer than the wing, blackish, not fully barred on all the feathers 
Thryothorus (T. bewicki) 71, 72, °% 
Small. Upper parts not uniform, the back being more or less distinctly barred cross-wise; wings, tail, 
and flanks fully barred. 
Tail about equal to the wing, the outstretched feet reaching scarcely or not beyond its end 
Troglodytes (T. domesticus) 74, 74 
Tail decidedly shorter than the wing, the outstretched feet reaching far beyond its end 
Anorthura (A. troglodytes) 76, 77, 7 
Small. Upper parts not uniform, the back being streaked length-wise ; flanks scarcely or not barred. 
Bill about 2 as long as head; crown plain; streaks of back confined to interscapular region 
Telmatodytes (T. palustris) 79, 8A 
Bill scarcely or not 3 as long as head; crown streaked, like the whole back 
Cistothorus (C. stellaris) 84 
Subfamily CAMPYLORHYNCHINZA: Fan.-tailed Wrens. 
For characters of this group and analysis of its genera, see above. 
19, CAMPYLORHYN’CHUS. (Gir. kayridos, kampulos, bent; puyxos, rhugchos, beak.) Cac- 
tus Wrens. Of largest size in this family; length about 8.00 inches. Tarsus scutellate 
behind. lateral toes of equal lengths. Wings and tail of about equal lengths. Tail broad, 
