72. 
73. 
23. 
74. 
15. 
24. 
76. 
278 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PASSERES — OSCINES. 
markings on the outer webs and tips. Length about 5.50; extent 6.75; wing 2.00-2.12; 
tail 2.35; bill 0.50; tarsus 0.75. Eastern e southerly, N. to the Middle States and 
Minnesota. Not very common in the Atlantic States, but so abundant as to replace the house 
wren in some parts of the interior. Nest in holes in trees, stumps, fences, ete. ; eggs white, 
finely dotted and spotted, resembling those of Catherpes or Salpinctes. 
T. b. leucogas'ter. (Gr. Aevkos, lewkos, white; yaornp, gaster, belly.) WHITE-BELLIED 
Wren. Above, uniform clear ashy-brown; below, clear ashy-white; pure white on the 
middle parts. A long, strong, white superciliary stripe; auriculars speckled with white. Con- 
eealed white spots on the rump. Quills of the wings fuscous, the inner feathers very obsoletely 
waved with the color of the back. Two middle tail-feathers closely barred with pure dark ash 
and black; others black, with irregular white or ashy-white tips, the outer web of the exterior 
feather barred with white. Length 5.50-5.75 inches; extent 6.75; wing 2.00-2.33; tail 
2.25-2.50 ; bill 0.50; tarsus 0.75. Southwestern U. 8.; a well-marked geographical race. 
T. b. spilu/rus? (Gr. omidos, spilos, spotted; odpa, oura, tail.) SPECKLED-TAILED WREN. 
Similar to No. 71, and scarcely distinguishable; bill said to be longer, 0.60. Pacifie Coast. 
TROGLO'DYTES. (Gr. rpwydodurns, troglodutes, a cave-dweller.) House Wrens. Of 
small size; no decided superciliary line. Upper parts not uniform in color, the back more or 
less distinctly barred crosswise ; wings, tail, and flanks fully barred crosswise ; tail about equal 
to wing in length, the outstretched feet scarcely or not reaching beyond its end. Eggs colored. 
T. domes'ticus. (Lat. domesticus, domestic; domus, a house.) EASTERN HousE WReEN. 
Brown, brighter behind; below rusty-brown, or grayish-brown, or even grayish-white ; every- 
where waved with darker shade, very plainly on wings, tail, flanks, and under tail-coverts; breast 
apt to be darker than either throat or belly; bill shorter than head, about 0.50; wings and tail 
nearly equal, about 2.00, but ranging from 1.90 to 2.10; total length 4.50-5.25, averaging about 
4.90; extent about 6.75. Exposed portion of Ist primary about one-half as long as longest 
primary. Eastern U.S8., N. to Canada, W. to Dakota; very abundant anywhere in shrubbery, 
gardens, and about dwellings, where its active, sprightly, and fearless demeanor, together with 
its hearty trilling song, bring it into friendly notoriety. Nest of any trash in a hole of a build- 
ing, fence, tree, or stump; eggs 6-9, 0.65 X 0.55, profusely and uniformly studded with minute 
points of brown, often rendering an almost uniform color; two or three broods each season. 
Resident in the South, migratory farther north. 
T. d. park’/mani. (To Dr. Geo. Parkman, of Boston.) WrsTERN HousE WReEN. Brown 
above, little brighter on rump, nearly everywhere waved with dusky, strongest on wings and 
tail, but usually appreciable on the whole back. Below brownish-white, nearly white on belly, 
obscurely variegated with darker markings, which, on the flanks and crissum, become stronger 
bars, alternating with brown and whitish ones. Bill blackish above, pale below ; feet brown. 
Length 5.00-5.25 ; extent 6.75; wing and tail about 2.10. Exposed portion of Ist primary 
about one-half as long as 2d primary. Western U. 8., from the Plains to the Pacific, abun- 
dant, there replacing 7. domesticus, to which it is so similar; but on an average paler and 
grayer, with rather longer wings and tail. 
ANORTHU/RA, (Gr. dv, an, signifying negation ; 6p@6s, orthos, straight ; odpa, oura, tail. 
Fig. 147.) Wriyrer Wrens. Like Troglodytes proper, but tail decidedly shorter than wings, 
the outstretched feet reaching far beyond its end. Eggs colored. 
A. troglo/dytes hiema/lis. (Lat. hiemalis, wintry; hiems, winter. Fig. 150.) WINTER WREN. 
‘Above brown, darker before, brighter behind, most of back, together with tail and inner wing- 
quills, banded with dusky, the markings obsolete on the back, where usually accompanied by 
whitish specks, strongest on the wings and tail. Outer webs of several primaries regularly 
barred with brownish-white, in marked contrast with the other bars of the wings. An incon- 
spicuous whitish superciliary line. Below brownish, paler or whitish anteriorly, the belly, 
flanks, and crissum heavily waved with dusky and whitish bars. Bill slender, straight, decidedly 
