115. 
116. 
11%. 
300 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PASSERES— OSCINES. 
black of jugulum not reaching anteriorly to the bill, and the surrounding yellow spreading on 
the breast back of the black. Young birds nojygo easily discriminated ; but there are usually 
traces at least of the black streaks on the A parts; there is no concealed yellow on the 
crown; the yellow of the under parts, quite as bright as in the adult, extends far along the 
breast, behind that part where it veils the black. Rocky Mts. to the Pacific, Alaska to Guat- 
emala; common. A straggler taken at Philadelphia. 
D. chrysopari/a. (Gr. xpvads, chrusos, golden, and raped, pareia, cheek.) GOLDEN-CHEEK- 
ED WARBLER. Prevailing color of upper parts black, usually mixed with olive-green ; sides 
of head yellow, with narrow black stripe through eye; below, with the wings and tail, as in 
virens; size of this species, and changes of plumage doubtless parallel; very closely related. 
@, in full dress: Above, jet-black from bill to tail, anteriorly narrowing to a point on the fore- 
head, with scarcely a trace of olivaceous toward and on the rump. Entire side of head and 
neck golden-yellow, reaching the bill, elsewhere enclosed in black, and enclosing a long black 
stripe through eye to side of nape, nearly cutting off a superciliary stripe from the general yel- 
low area, which, however, is continuous on lore and side of nape. Chin, throat, and breast 
jet black, this color extending backward along the sides as heavy streaking ; narrowing ante- 
riorly where sharply defined against the yellow; other under parts, including lining of wings, 
white, squarely defined against the black of breast (the whole under parts thus as in virens). 
Wings blackish, with two broad white cross-bars, and whitish edging of the quills, especially 
the inner secondaries. Tail blackish, the outermost feather white with only a black shaft-line 
clubbed at end ; the next three pairs with decreasing white areas. Bill and feet black. Texas 
and southward ; rare, at least in collections. Nest in upright fork, preferably of a cedar, large 
for the bird, compactly felted of bark strips, fine grasses, rootlets, and slender vegetable fibres 
and cobwebs, lined copiously with hair and feathers; eggs 0.75 & 0.55, white, dotted with 
reddish-brown and lavender, and blotched with darker brown, laid in May. 
D. nigres’cens. (Lat. nigrescens, growing black. Fig. 164.) BLACK-THROATED Gray WaR- 
BLER. ¢, adult: Above, bluish-ash, the interscapular region, and usually also the upper-tail 
coverts, streaked with black. Below, from the breast, pure white, the 
sides streaked with black. Entire head, with chin and throat, black ; 
a sharply-defined yellow spot before the eye, a broad white stripe 
behind the eye, and a long white maxillary stripe widening behind 
from the corner of the bill to the side of the neck. Wings fuscous, 
with much whitish edging, and crossed with two broad white bars 
on the ends of the greater and median coverts. Tail like the wings, 
the three lateral feathers mostly white, except on the outer webs, 
Fic. 164. — Black-throated : ; : : 
Gray Warbler, nat. size. (Ad the fourth with a white blotch. Bill and feet black. Size of D. 
Bat eh Ee) townsendi. @: Like the male, but the black of the crown mixed 
with the ashy of the back, and that of the throat veiled with white tips of the feathers. Young: 
Like the 9, but the crown almost entirely like the back, and the black of the throat still more 
_ hidden. Back not streaked. Less white on the tail. Bill not entirely black. Rocky Mts. to 
the Pacific, U. S. and southward, common in woodland. Quite unlike any other species ; one 
of the five Dendrace which are normally confined to the West. 
D. ceerules’cens. (Lat. carulescens, growing blue; caruleus, blue.) BLACK-THROATED 
Biue WARBLER. ¢, in spring: Above, uniform slaty-blue, the perfect continuity of which is 
only interrupted in very high plumages, by a few black dorsal streaks ; below, pure white ; 
the sides of the head to above the eyes, the chin, throat, and whole sides of the body continu- 
ously jet black ; wing-bars wanting (the coverts being black, edged with blue), but a large 
white spot at base of primaries: quill-feathers blackish, outwardly edged with bluish, the inner 
ones mostly white on their inner webs; tail with the ordinary white blotches, the central feath- 
ers edged with bluish; bill black; feet dark. Young @: Similar, but the blue glossed with 
