384. 
385. 
TYRANNIDA: —TYRANNINZ: TYRANT FLYCATCHEBRS. 441 
Eaclusiwely Eastern Species. 
Largest: rather over than under 6.00; wing nearly or over 3.00; tarsus 0.67 ; middle toe and claw 0.50; 
bill nearly or quite 0.50. Clear light olive-green above, below whitish; wing-bars and eye-ring tawny. 
Nest jlat in fork of a horizontal bough; eggs speckled. Not New England. . . . . . aeadicus 384 
Medium: rather under 6.00; wing 2.70; tarsus 0.67, but middle toe and claw 0.60; bill hardly 0.50. 
Olive-brown above, below grayish; wing-bars and eye-ring whitish. Nest a bulky cup in a bush ; 
eggs speckled. New England. ... . : > «8 »  OrQalits (Ose 
Small: rather under 5.50; proportions and mind Seana as in “ trailli. Nest a nen cup in upright 
crotch of a tree; eggs white. Commonest breeder in S. New England . . - + . minimus 387 
Medium : under parts thoroughly yellow. Nest near ground in a stump or log Paley: Eggs speckled, 
IN Vpn Lanier tn eet ie! niet osteen eran me, Seluteutce tale ler, el %¢ a tet le ie, \e) she (6s) JLAVADEREIUR TORS 
Exclusively Western Species. 
The representative of traillt. Eggs speckled. . . 5 2 2. 1 we we se we we we) 6pusillus 386 
The representative of flaviventris. Eggs speckled ... . ss » « Aificilis 889 
Small, and otherwise like minimus ; dark below, breast not very , different tom back; bill extremely 
narrow. Hggswhite ... . - + . hammondi 390 
Large, about the size of acadicus ; olive: ers above: breast aace ree tail- feather white on outer 
web; billvery narrow. Eggswhite . . . «1. « « « « - - . oObscurus 391 
E. aca/dicus. (Lat. of Acadia.) SMALL GREEN-CRESTED or ACADIAN FLYCATCHER. 
Above, olive-green, clear, light, continuous and uniform (though the crown may show rather 
darker, owing to dusky centres of the slightly lengthened, erectile feathers) ; below, whitish, 
olive-shaded on sides and nearly across breast, yellowish-washed on belly, flanks, crissum and 
axillars ; wings dusky, inner quills edged, and coverts tipped, with tawny yellow; all the 
quills whitish-edged internally ; tail dusky, olive-glossed, unmarked ; a tawny eye-ring; feet 
and upper mandible brown, under mandible pale. In midsummer, rather darker ; in early fall 
brighter and especially more yellowish below ; in the young, the wing-markings more fulvous, 
the general plumage slightly buffy-suffused; when very young, said to be mottled transversely 
with pale ochraceous. Largest: 5.75-6.25— rather over than under 6.00; extent rather over 
than under 9.50; wing 2.75-3.00 (even 3.12); tail 2.50-2.75 ; bill nearly or quite 0.50, about 
0.25 wide at nostrils, broad and flat, like a pewee’s; tarsus 0.66; middle toe and claw 0.50 ; 
point of mae reaching nearly an inch beyond the secondaries; 2d, 3d, and 4th quills nearly equai 
and much (+ inch or more) longer than Ist and 5th, which about equal each other ; Ist much 
longer ey 6th. The 9 near the lesser of all the dimensions given. Eastern U. 8., southerly, 
scarcely known in New England; abundant in the Middle and Western States in woodland ; 
readily recognized by the points of size and shape, without regarding coloration. Nest in trees, 
in horizontal fork of a slender bough ; thin and open-worked, shallow, flat, saucer-shaped; eggs 
2-4, 0.78 X 0.56, creamy-white, boldly spotted, resembling a wood pewee’s. (Muscicapa sub- 
viridis BARTRAM, 1791; Empidonax subviridis Cours, 1882 (name acadicus geographically 
false). Muscicapa querula WILs., ii, 77, pl. 13, f. 3; M. acadica Aup., B. Am., Svo. ed. 1840, 
i, 221, pl. 62; Hmpidonax acadicus Bo., B. N. A., 1858, p. 197.) 
E. trailli. (To T. S. Traill, of Edinburgh.) TratLu’s FiycarcHEer. Above, olive- 
brown, lighter and duller brownish posteriorly, darker on head, owing to obviously dusky 
centres of the coronal feathers ; below, nearly as in acadicus, but darker, the olive-gray shading 
quite across the breast; wing-markings grayish-white with slight yellowish or tawny shade ; 
under mandible pale; upper mandible and feet black. Averaging smaller than acadicus; 
length 5.50-6.00 ; extent under 9.50, usually 8.75-9.00 ; wing 2.66-2.75, more rounded than 
in acadicus, its tip only reaching about 3 of an inch beyond the secondaries, formed by 2d, 3d 
and 4th quills, as before, but 5th not so much shorter (hardly or not } of an inch), the Ist ranging 
between 5th and 6th; tail 2.50; tarsus 0.66, as before, but midds toe and claw 0.60, the feet 
thus differently proportioned, owing to length of toes ; bill not so broad and flat as in acadicus. 
Eastern N. Am. to the Plains, common ; an entirely different bird from acadicus, but difficult 
if not impossible to distinguish from the following variety ; almost the same in color as minimus, 
but larger, and otherwise perfectly distinct. A common breeder from New England and Canada 
