ANATIDAi—ANATINZA: RIVER DUCKS. 689 
leucoparia Brdt.? But not lewcoparia Cass. Not in the Check List, 1882, not having been 
there formally recognized as a subspecies. ) 
B. c. leucopari’a. (Gr. Aevkds, lewkos, white ; maped, pareia, cheek.) SMALLER WHITE- 
CHEEKED Goose. Similar to the last in color; but much smaller, and tail 16-feathered, thus 
resembling No. 704, from which distinguished as occidentalis is from canadensis. Length 24.00 
or less; wing about 15.00. This is the small ‘‘white-necked goose” figured by Cassin, IL, 
pl. 45, as B. leucoparia, Brandt. Pacific coast, especially Alaska. 
B. ec. hut/chinsi. (To Mr. Hutchins.) Hurcurys’ Goose. Tail normally 16-feathered. 
Coloration as in the Canada goose. Size much less. Length 25.00-30.00; extent about 
4. feet; wing 15.00-17.00; tail 5.00-6.00; bill 1.50; tarsus under 3.00. There seems little 
probability of establishing good character of more than one species of the canadensis group, 
with probably four varieties: large, no collar (702); small, no collar (704) ; large, collared 
(702a) ; small, collared (703). 
DENDROCY’GNA. (Gr. devdpov, dendron, a tree; Lat. cygnus, a swan.) TREE DUCKS. 
Duck-like arboricole geese, with the bill longer than the head, terminated by a prominent 
decurved nail, the lamelle not projecting ; nostrils small, oval, in basal half of bill; legs very 
long, the tibiee extensively denuded below ; hind toe lengthened, more than one-third as long 
as the tarsus; tarsi entirely reticulate, as in geese proper. Wings ample, rounded; 1st quill 
shorter than 4th. Coloration variegated. Sexes similar. Nest in trees. In addition to the 
two following species, a third, D. arborea, of the West Indies, may occur in the South. 
Analysis of Species. 
Bill and feet blackish; coloration largely cinnamon; no white wing-patch . . ...... + fulva 105 
Bill and feet reddish; coloration largely blackish ; a large white wing-patch. . . . . . . autumnalis 706 
D. ful/va. (Lat. fulva, fulvous, reddish.) Funvous Tree Duck. Bill bluish-black ; 
feet slaty-blue. Pale cinnamon or yellowish-brown, extensive and uniform on the lower parts, 
darker on head; nape and hind-neck with a black line; scapulars and fore-back blackish with 
pale cinnamon edgings of the feathers. Rump and tail black; upper and under tail-coverts 
white. No white speculum on wing; lesser wing-coverts chocolate-brown ; rest of wing black 
on both surfaces. Length about 20.00; extent 36.00; wing 9.50; tail 3.25; tarsus 2.25; bill 
1.50, with hooked nail. S. W. U.S. and southward, in summer, Louisiana to Cala. ; common 
on the Rio Grande. 
D. autumna'lis. (Lat. autumnalis or auctumnalis, of the period of increase, of harvest ; auctus, 
increased, augmented.) AuTUMNAL TREE Duck. Bill coral-red, with orange above, and 
bluish nail; feet pinkish-white. A large white speculum, consisting of greater wing-coverts 
and basal parts of most of the quills, as well as spurious quills and outer webs of one or two 
primaries. Head and neck reddish-chocolate, paler on cheeks and chin, with black stripe 
down nape and hind-neck, passing through more yellowish-brown on the fore-parts of the 
body to blackish on lower back, rump, tail, belly, sides of body and lining of wings; flanks 
and crissum mostly white. Length about 20.00; extent 36.00-38.00; wing 9.50-10.50 ; 
tail 3.00; bill along gape 2.00; tarsus 2.25. S. and C. Am. and Mex. to Texas, abundant 
from April to October on the Rio Grande, where ealled ‘cornfield duck ;” a common market- 
bird in some places. Nest in hollows of trees, often at a great distance from water, to which 
the young are transported by the parents in the bill. Eggs 12-16, 2.10 & 1.50, of usual duck 
shape, buffy-white. 
67. Subfamily ANATINA-: River Ducks. 
Tarsi scutellate in front ; hind toe simple (in Fuliguline, the hind toe with a flap or 
lobe.) This expression separates the present group from all the North American examples 
of the foregoing and succeeding subfamilies, although it is not a perfect diagnosis. The neck 
and legs are shorter than they average in geese, while the feet are smaller than in the sea- 
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