+ 
trees and many others, the list including such important shade trees 
as have been mentioned, as also practically all of the maples, elms, 
and oaks, mountain ash, tulip tree (Lirtodendron tulipifera), aspen, 
the willows, and such shrubs as privet, lilac, and honeysuckle. A 
list of trees which this species has been actually observed to attack 
was compiled in 1894 by Doctor Southwick and includes 77, observed 
in the public parks of New York City alone. A total list of 83 trees 
and shrubs was made at that time.? 
It will be seen by the list of food plants already presented that 
the number could be almost indefinitely extended, particularly in 
reservations like Central Park, New York City, and Prospect Park, 
in Brooklyn, where special effort has been made to bring together a 
ereat variety of trees and shrubs. The in- 
sect is, in fact, nearly omnivorous, attack- 
ing, as previously stated, practically all 
forms of woody plants which are of suitable 
size for its purpose, with the exception of 
conifers. 
HABITS AND LIFE HISTORY. 
In Germany the moths are stated to 
make their appearance during July and 
August, while in this country they appear 
as early as May and continue issuing until 
late in September. 
The gravid female, being particularly 
heavy, is unable to fly very far or very 
high. She deposits her oval, salmon-col- 
ored eggs in a large mass or group, when 
not in confinement, and as many as 300 
pene eggs have been counted in a single mass. 
Fic. 2.—Section of wood showing bur- shel te S 
vow did sindiinpenserproducedtpy =e ISIS, NO WEVeL, probably not the maxi- 
larva of leopard moth. Reduced. yum number, since an estimate of as many 
(From Insect Life.) 5 
as 1,000 has been made. The eggs are in- 
troduced by the rather hard ovipositor into the soft tissue of young 
growth where the bark is smooth, or are inserted into crevices in the 
rough bark of older trees. 
The larve soon hatch—in about ten days, according to Mr. J. 
V. D. Walker—and penetrate the wood, frequently entering the 
nearest crotch but boring in at other points, and burrow tunnels into 
the heart or pith of twigs and the heartwood of the larger branches 
or trunks. When a larva has grown too large for the branch in which 
it is feeding it crawls out and migrates to a larger one. In a single 
aSee list on page 529, Rep. Ent. N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta. for 1894. This article, by 
Dr. J. B. Smith, covers pages 517-533 and presents a very complete account of the insect. 
[Cir. 109] 
