9 - 
measure; soap shavings, 1 part; water, 4 part; fish oil, | part; oil 
of tar, 1 part; kerosene, 1 part; water, 3 parts. Place the resin, 
soap shavings, 4 part of water and fish oil together in a receptacle 
and boil till the resin is dissolved. Then add 3 parts of water, follow- 
ing with the oil of tar mixed with the kerosene. Stir the mixture 
well and allow it to boil for fifteen minutes. When cool the mixture 
is ready for use, and should be stirred frequently while being applied. 
This mixture costs about 30 cents a gallon, and from one-eighth to 
one-half pint is sufficient for one application with the brush method. 
The methods just described are not applicable to large grazing herds 
or cattle on the range. 
Fly control on the range.—For the control of the horn fly on range 
cattle on a large scale the dipping-vats system employed for the con- 
trol of the cattle tick or other skin parasites offers the best solution 
of the problem. The oily dips used for the Texas-fever tick, described 
in a publication of the Bureau of Animal Industry of this Department 
can be made to serve as a very effective means of controlling the horn 
fly. It was early discovered that dipping cattle in these oily mix- 
tures in the ordinary way was of little service in destroying the horn 
flies. The cattle dips were repellent to the horn fly for a very short 
period, and the percentage of the flies killed by the operation was 
inconsiderable. During the last three years, however, Mr. J. D. 
Mitchell, an agent of this Bureau, working with Mr. W. D. Hunter 
in Texas, has, in a study of the requirements for horn-fly control, 
found that by a very simple modification of the ordinary dipping 
vat a very large percentage of the flies on the cattle can be destroyed, 
with the consequent very notable limiting of the loss from this fiy 
pest. With the vats as ordinarily constructed, most of the flies aban- 
don the animal at the moment it plunges into the dip and escape, 
and go to other animals, and ultimately with the drying of the dipped 
animal return to it. Mr. Mitchell found, however, that by putting 
a splashboard near the top of the vat on either side, about 4 feet 
above the level of the dip, the water thrown up violently as the 
animal plunges in is caught by these splashboards and is thrown back 
as a spray, filling the air space above the animal and drenching and 
destroying the flies in their effort to escape. The few of the horn 
flies that may escape, together with those which abandoned the animal 
at the entrance to the vat, were observed to hover or settle on the 
chute fence, and many would alight on the next animal coming along. 
He also found that where the animals have been heated in corralling and 
getting them into the chute the flies stick much closer and are much less 
apt to take quick flight, thus insuring the capture of a larger percentage 
of them by the dip and spray. 
a Varmers’ Bulletin 378, October, 1909. 
[Cir. 115] 
