6 



Peony (Pseonia sp.). 



Peppergrass {Lepidium suffruticosum 



Linn., Cav.), France. 

 Planera healcei C'. Koch. 

 Plum {Prunus domestica Linn.). 

 Poplar, Lombardy {Populus nigra var. 



italica Du Roi). 

 Poplar, white (Popuhis alba Linn.). 

 Quince {Cydonia vulgaris Pers.). 

 Raspberry (Rubus idseus Linn.). 

 Rose (Rosa rugosa Thunb.). 

 Sassafras {Sassafras sassafras Karst.). 

 Silverberry {Elxagnus argentea Pursh.). 

 Spirsea spp. 



Spruce {Abies firma Sieb. & Zucc). 

 Sycamore {Platanus sp.). 

 Tallow tree {Sapium sebiferum Roxb.). 



Tamarisk (Tamarix africana Poir.). 



Tree of Heaven {Ailanthus glandulosa 



Desf.). 

 Tulip-tree {Liriodendron tulipifera Linn.). 

 Umbrella tree {Magnolia tripetala Linn.). 

 Vibumwin sp. 

 Virginia creeper {Ampelopsis quinqucfolia 



Michx.). 

 Willow, goat {Salix caprea Linn.). 

 Willow, Napoleon {Salix babylonica 



Linn.). 

 Willow, osier {Salix viminalis Linn.). 

 Willow, {Salix segyptiaca Forsk.).] * lo-pria 

 Willow, {Salix pedicellata Desf.). J 

 Walnut, English {Juglans regia Linn.). 

 Walnut {Juglans sp.). 

 Yucca ( Yucca sp.). 



PARASITIC AND PREDACEOUS ENEMIES. 



Minute parasitic Hymenoptera are often efficient enemies of this 

 scale, and in some localities they apparently hold the insect in check. 

 If these little friends are present, small round holes can be seen on the 

 dorsal part of the scale showing where the adult escaped. Those 

 more commonly found are Aphelinus mytilaspidis Le B., A. abnormis 

 How., A. fuscipennis How., A. diaspidis How., Aspidiotiphagus 

 citrinus How., Anaphes gracilis How., and Cheiloneurus diaspidinarum 

 How. 



The larvfB of coccinellids, or ladybeetles, are sometimes found feed- 

 ing on these insects, and certain species of mites assist in their de- 

 struction. Birds are also credited with doing service, the most effi- 

 cient being the titmice and tree creepers. 



THE SCURFY SCALE. ' 



( Chionaspis furfura Fitch . ) 



The scurfy scale, while infesting a considerable number of plants, 

 is a less general feeder than is the preceding species. It occurs prin- 

 cipally upon rosaceous plants, such as the apple, peach, pear, plum, 

 cherry, etc., and also on currant and gooseberry among cultivated 

 plants, but seldom becomes so abundant as to cause particular in- 

 jury or to require specific treatment. The insect may be recognized 

 from the accompanying illustration (fig. 2), much enlarged. Tlie 

 scale of the female is dirty gray in color, irregularly pear-shaped, as 

 shown in the picture. The male scales are much smaller, elongate, 

 snowy white, with three distinct keels extending longitudinally 

 along the back. Unlike the former species, the scurfy scale is a 

 native North American insect, and appears to be less adaptable to 



[Cir. 121] 



