36 
ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE. 
having the curvature inwards, with a spine on each side ; this is followed by the depressed occiput, 
which forms a hollow; and on each side of this, at its posterior margin, or at the commence- 
ment of the nape, are two other strong spines: there are likewise two spines at the supra- 
scapulars, and between these and the posterior margin of the orbit of the eye, on what may be 
called the temples, are two more ; of these last, the first, which is small and close to the orbit, 
is double ; the second, which is larger and situate a little above the upper angle of the pre- 
opercle, is, in this specimen, double on the right side and single on the left. The first suborbital 
has two spines on its anterior margin, the first directed forwards, and the second downwards ; 
on its disk are two salient ridges, which are unarmed, and not very conspicuous. The second 
suborbital is entirely without spines, but elevated in the middle into a double smooth ridge or 
crest. Margin of the preopercle with six spines ; the second longest; the first, as well as the 
two lowermost, small and inconspicuous. Opercle with two osseous diverging ridges terminating 
in spines: the scapular and clavicular bones likewise terminate each in a flattened spine. 
Lateral line and scales much as in S. Scrofa; the latter with their free edges perfectly smooth. 
The cutaneous filaments and appendages on this species are as follows: three small ones 
at the extremity of the snout ; one small but broad one at the upper margin of the anterior 
orifice of the nostril ; two very conspicuous palmated ones on each orbit, especially the posterior 
one, which is largest, and very broad ; two on the margin of the first suborbital ; some small 
ones on the cheeks and maxillaries ; six beneath the lower jaw, two being near the symphysis, 
and two on each ramus; a row on the margin of the preopercle, and very numerous small 
ones scattered about the nape and sides of the body, of which a row along the lateral line are 
rather more conspicuous than the others. 
The spines of the dorsal fin are moderately strong, and unequal ; the first is rather more 
than half the length of the second, which itself is two-thirds of the third; this last is less than 
half, but more than two-fifths, of the depth of the body; from the third, the spines decrease 
very gradually to the eleventh, which is a little longer than the first; the twelfth is higher than 
the eleventh by one-third: soft portion of the fin rounded, and where most elevated just 
equalling in height the third or longest spine. Anal spines very unequal; the first not very 
stout, and less than half the length of the second, which is very strong indeed, as well as the 
longest of the three ; the third is stouter than the first, but not nearly so stout as the second, 
though nearly equalling that spine in length: soft portion of this fin with its greatest elevation 
rather exceeding the second spine. Caudal slightly rounded. Pectorals rather more than 
one-fifth of the entire length; the ten lowermost rays simple; the nine immediately above 
these branched ; the uppermost of all simple like the bottom ones, but slenderer as well as 
shorter than the others. Ventrals not above two-thirds the length of the pectorals; in other 
respects as in S. Scrofa. 
A second specimen.—Smaller than the one above described, measuring seven inches and a half in 
length. The two diverging lines on the cranium between the eyes are rather more salient, and 
the left orbit is without the fourth spine; but in all other respects, including the fin-ray 
formula, the two specimens are exactly similar. 
Cotour.—* Whole body scarlet red, fins rather paler; with small irregularly-shaped light black 
spots.’ —D. 
Habitat, Chatham Island, Galapagos Archipelago. 
