x CONTENTS. 
geons.—The Salmon.—The Tunny.—The Mackerel Family—The Eel.—The 
Murey.—The Conger.—The Sand-Launce.—The Plectognaths.—The Sea- 
Horse.—The Pipe-Fish—The Flat-Fishes—The Rays.—The Fecundity of 
Fishes ° . ; . : ° : . Page 186 
CHAPTER XIII. 
CRUSTACEA. 
CRALBS— LOBSTERS. 
How are they distinguished from the Insects ?—Barnacles and Acorn-shells.— 
Siphonostomata. —Entomostraca.— King-Crab.—Edriophthalmia.—Sandhoppers. 
—Thoracostraca.—-Compound Eye of the higher Crustaceans.—Respiratory 
Apparatus of the Decapods.—Digestive Organs—Chele or Pincers.—Distribu- 
tion of Crabs.—Land Crabs.—The Calling Crab.—Modifications of the Legs in 
different species—The Pinna and Pinnotheres.—Hermit Crabs.—The Lobster. 
— The Cocoa-nut Crab.—The Shrimp.—Moulting Process.—Metamorphoses of 
Crabs.—Victims and Enemies of the Crustaceans.—Their Fecundity.—Marine 
Spiders and Insects ° . . . . . . 243 
CHAPTER XIV. 
MARINE ANNELIDES, 
The Annelides in general.—The Eunice sanguinea.—Beauty of the Marine Anne- 
lides.—The Giant Nemertes.—The Food and Enemies of the Annelides.—The 
Tubicole Annelides——The Rotifera—Their Wonderful Organisation.—The 
Syncheta Baltica . - : : . . * - 262 
CHAPTER XV. 
MOLLUSCS. 
The Molluses in general. —The Cephalopods.—Dibranchiates and Tetrabranchiates 
—Arms and Tentacles.—Suckers.—Hooked Acetabula of the Onychoteuthis.— 
Mandibles.—Ink Bag.—Numbers of the Cephalopods— Their Habits—Their 
Enemies—Their Use to Man—Their Eges.—Enormous size of several species. 
—The fabulous Kraken.—The Argonaut.—The Nautili—The Cephalopods of 
the Primitive Ocean.—The Gasteropods.—Their Subdivisions.—Gills of the 
Nudibranchiates.—The Pleurobranchus plumula.—The Sea-Hare.—The Chitons. 
—The Patelle—The Haliotis or Sea-Ear.—The Carinariae.—The Pectini- 
branchiates.— Variety and Beauty of their Shells.—Their Mode of Locomotion. 
—Foot of the Tornatella and Cyclostoma.—The Janthine.—Sedentary Gastero- 
pods.—The Magilus.—Proboscis of the Whelk.—Tongue of the Limpet.— 
Stomach of the Bulla, the Scyllea, and the Sea-Hare.—Organs of Sense in the 
Gasteropods—Their Caution—Their Enemies—Their Defences—Their Use to 
Man.—Shell-Cameos.—The Pteropods—Their Organisation and Mode of Life. 
—The Butterflies of the Ocean—The Lamellibranchiate Acephala—Their 
Organisation.-—Siphons.—The Pholades.—Foot of the Lamellibranchiates.— 
The Razor-Shells.—The Byssus of the Pinns.—Defences of the Bivalves— 
Their Enemies. — The common Mussel. — Mussel Gardens.—The Oyster.— 
Oyster Parks.—Oyster Rearing in the Lago di Fusaro.—Formation of new 
