836 THE INHABITANTS OF THE SEA. 
preservation, to my horror and disappointment I found only an 
assemblage of rejected members. My conservative endeavours 
were all neutralised by its destructive exertions, and it is now 
badly represented in my cabinet by an armless disk and a 
diskless arm. Next time I went to dredge on the same spot, 
determined not to be cheated out of a specimen in such a way 
a second time, I brought with me a bucket of cold fresh water, 
to which article star-fishes have a great antipathy. As I ex- 
pected, a luidia came up in the dredge, a most gorgeous specimen. 
As it does not generally break up before it is raised above the 
surface of the sea, cautiously and anxiously I sunk my bucket 
to a level with the dredge’s mouth, and proceeded in the most 
gentle manner to introduce luidia to the purer element. 
Whether the cold air was too much for him, or the sight of 
the bucket too terrific, I know not, but in a moment he pro- 
ceeded to dissolve his corporation, and at every mesh of the 
dredge his fragments were seen escaping. In despair I grasped 
at the largest, and brought up the extremity of an arm with 
its terminating eye, the spinous eyelid of which opened and 
closed with something exceedingly like a wink of derision.” 
The Sea-star might be called a flattened sea-urchin, with 
radiated lobes, and the Sea-urchin, a contracted or condensed 
sea-star, so near is their re- 
lationship. In both we find 
the same radiating construc- 
tion, in which the number five 
is SO conspicuous, and in both 
also the rows of suckers, which, 
starting from a centre, are 
set into motion by a similar 
mechanism, and used for the 
same purpose. In all the sea- 
urchins finally, and in many 
of the sea-stars, we find the 
surface of the body covered 
with numerous exceedingly minute, two- or three-forked pincers, 
that perpetually move from side to side, and open and shut with- 
out intermission. These active little organs, which have beep 
named Pedicellariw, were formerly supposed to be parasites, 
working on their own account, but they are now almost univer- 
Goniaster. 
